/*  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
    /  FatFs - Generic FAT Filesystem Module  R0.15 w/patch1                      /
    /-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
    /
    / Copyright (C) 2022, ChaN, all right reserved.
    /
    / FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
    / source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
    / that the following condition is met:
    /
    / 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
    /    this condition and the following disclaimer.
    /
    / This software is provided by the copyright holder and contributors "AS IS"
    / and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
    / The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
    / by use of this software.
    /
    /----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/


#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "ff.h"			/* Declarations of FatFs API */
#include "diskio.h"		/* Declarations of device I/O functions */


namespace fatfs {

/*  --------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Module Private Definitions

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_DEFINED != 80286
/* Revision ID */
#error Wrong include file (ff.h).
#endif


/* Limits and boundaries */
#define MAX_DIR		0x200000
/* Max size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX	0x10000000
/* Max size of exFAT directory */
#define MAX_FAT12	0xFF5
/* Max FAT12 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT16	0xFFF5
/* Max FAT16 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT32	0x0FFFFFF5
/* Max FAT32 clusters (not specified, practical limit) */
#define MAX_EXFAT	0x7FFFFFFD
/* Max exFAT clusters (differs from specs, implementation limit) */


/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c)		((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z')
#define IsLower(c)		((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z')
#define IsDigit(c)		((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
#define IsSeparator(c)	((c) == '/' || (c) == '\\')
#define IsTerminator(c)	((UINT)(c) < (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!'))
#define IsSurrogate(c)	((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)
#define IsSurrogateH(c)	((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDBFF)
#define IsSurrogateL(c)	((c) >= 0xDC00 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)


/* Additional file access control and file status flags for internal use */
#define FA_SEEKEND	0x20	/* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED	0x40	/* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY	0x80	/* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */


/* Additional file attribute bits for internal use */
#define AM_VOL		0x08	/* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN		0x0F	/* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK		0x3F	/* Mask of defined bits in FAT */
#define AM_MASKX	0x37	/* Mask of defined bits in exFAT */


/* Name status flags in fn[11] */
#define NSFLAG		11		/* Index of the name status byte */
#define NS_LOSS		0x01	/* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN		0x02	/* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST		0x04	/* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY		0x08	/* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT		0x10	/* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT		0x20	/* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN	0x40	/* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME	0x80	/* Not followed */


/* exFAT directory entry types */
#define	ET_BITMAP	0x81	/* Allocation bitmap */
#define	ET_UPCASE	0x82	/* Up-case table */
#define	ET_VLABEL	0x83	/* Volume label */
#define	ET_FILEDIR	0x85	/* File and directory */
#define	ET_STREAM	0xC0	/* Stream extension */
#define	ET_FILENAME	0xC1	/* Name extension */


/*  FatFs refers the FAT structure as simple byte array instead of structure member
    / because the C structure is not binary compatible between different platforms */

#define BS_JmpBoot			0		/* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName			3		/* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec		11		/* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus		13		/* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt		14		/* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs			16		/* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt		17		/* Size of root directory area for FAT [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16		19		/* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media			21		/* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16			22		/* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk		24		/* Number of sectors per track for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads		26		/* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec			28		/* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32		32		/* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum			36		/* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres			37		/* WindowsNT error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig			38		/* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID			39		/* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab			43		/* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType		54		/* Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode			62		/* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA				510		/* Signature word (WORD) */

#define BPB_FATSz32			36		/* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32		40		/* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32			42		/* FAT32: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32		44		/* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32		48		/* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32		50		/* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32			64		/* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32			65		/* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32		66		/* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32			67		/* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32			71		/* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32		82		/* FAT32: Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32		90		/* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */

#define BPB_ZeroedEx		11		/* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx		64		/* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx		72		/* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx		80		/* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx			84		/* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx		88		/* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx		92		/* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx		96		/* exFAT: Root directory start cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx			100		/* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx			104		/* exFAT: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx		106		/* exFAT: Volume flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx	108		/* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in unit of byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx	109		/* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in unit of sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx		110		/* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx		111		/* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx		112		/* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx			113		/* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx		120		/* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */

#define DIR_Name			0		/* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr			11		/* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres			12		/* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10		13		/* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime			14		/* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate		18		/* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI		20		/* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime			22		/* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO		26		/* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize		28		/* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord			0		/* LFN: LFN order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr			11		/* LFN: LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type			12		/* LFN: Entry type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum			13		/* LFN: Checksum of the SFN (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO		26		/* LFN: MBZ field (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type			0		/* exFAT: Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel		1		/* exFAT: Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label			2		/* exFAT: Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum		4		/* exFAT: Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec			1		/* exFAT: Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum			2		/* exFAT: Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr			4		/* exFAT: File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime		8		/* exFAT: Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime		12		/* exFAT: Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime		16		/* exFAT: Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10		20		/* exFAT: Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10		21		/* exFAT: Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ			22		/* exFAT: Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ			23		/* exFAT: Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ			24		/* exFAT: Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags		33		/* exFAT: General secondary flags (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumName		35		/* exFAT: Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash		36		/* exFAT: Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize	40		/* exFAT: Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus		52		/* exFAT: First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize		56		/* exFAT: File/Directory size (QWORD) */

#define SZDIRE				32		/* Size of a directory entry */
#define DDEM				0xE5	/* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM				0x05	/* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */
#define LLEF				0x40	/* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */

#define FSI_LeadSig			0		/* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig		484		/* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count		488		/* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free		492		/* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */

#define MBR_Table			446		/* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE				16		/* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot			0		/* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead			1		/* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec			2		/* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl			3		/* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System			4		/* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead			5		/* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec			6		/* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl			7		/* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba			8		/* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba			12		/* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */

#define GPTH_Sign			0		/* GPT HDR: Signature (8-byte) */
#define GPTH_Rev			8		/* GPT HDR: Revision (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Size			12		/* GPT HDR: Header size (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Bcc			16		/* GPT HDR: Header BCC (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_CurLba			24		/* GPT HDR: This header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_BakLba			32		/* GPT HDR: Another header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_FstLba			40		/* GPT HDR: First LBA for partition data (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_LstLba			48		/* GPT HDR: Last LBA for partition data (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_DskGuid		56		/* GPT HDR: Disk GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTH_PtOfs			72		/* GPT HDR: Partition table LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtNum			80		/* GPT HDR: Number of table entries (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PteSize		84		/* GPT HDR: Size of table entry (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtBcc			88		/* GPT HDR: Partition table BCC (DWORD) */
#define SZ_GPTE				128		/* GPT PTE: Size of partition table entry */
#define GPTE_PtGuid			0		/* GPT PTE: Partition type GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_UpGuid			16		/* GPT PTE: Partition unique GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_FstLba			32		/* GPT PTE: First LBA of partition (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_LstLba			40		/* GPT PTE: Last LBA of partition (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Flags			48		/* GPT PTE: Partition flags (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Name			56		/* GPT PTE: Partition name */


/* Post process on fatal error in the file operations */
#define ABORT(fs, res)		{ fp->err = (BYTE)(res); LEAVE_FF(fs, res); }


/* Re-entrancy related */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used in thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)	{ unlock_volume(fs, res); return res; }
#else
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)	return res
#endif


/* Definitions of logical drive - physical location conversion */
#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
#define LD2PD(vol) VolToPart[vol].pd	/* Get physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) VolToPart[vol].pt	/* Get partition number (0:auto search, 1..:forced partition number) */
#else
#define LD2PD(vol) (BYTE)(vol)	/* Each logical drive is associated with the same physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) 0			/* Auto partition search */
#endif


/* Definitions of sector size */
#if (FF_MAX_SS < FF_MIN_SS) || (FF_MAX_SS != 512 && FF_MAX_SS != 1024 && FF_MAX_SS != 2048 && FF_MAX_SS != 4096) || (FF_MIN_SS != 512 && FF_MIN_SS != 1024 && FF_MIN_SS != 2048 && FF_MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if FF_MAX_SS == FF_MIN_SS
#define SS(fs)	((UINT)FF_MAX_SS)	/* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs)	((fs)->ssize)	/* Variable sector size */
#endif


/* Timestamp */
#if FF_FS_NORTC == 1
#if FF_NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || FF_NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || FF_NORTC_MON < 1 || FF_NORTC_MON > 12 || FF_NORTC_MDAY < 1 || FF_NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid FF_FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME()	((DWORD)(FF_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME()	get_fattime()
#endif


/* File lock controls */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
#if FF_FS_READONLY
#error FF_FS_LOCK must be 0 at read-only configuration
#endif
typedef struct {
    FATFS* fs;		/* Object ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
    DWORD clu;		/* Object ID 2, containing directory (0:root) */
    DWORD ofs;		/* Object ID 3, offset in the directory */
    UINT ctr;		/* Object open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read mode open count, 0x100:write mode */
} FILESEM;
#endif


/* SBCS up-case tables (\x80-\xFF) */
#define TBL_CT437  {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT720  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT737  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87, \
					0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0xAA,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0x97,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xE4,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF5,0xF0,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT771  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDC,0xDE,0xDE, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT775  {0x80,0x9A,0x91,0xA0,0x8E,0x95,0x8F,0x80,0xAD,0xED,0x8A,0x8A,0xA1,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0xA0,0xA1,0xE0,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xA5,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE3,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT850  {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41,0x41, \
					0x45,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x4F,0x55,0x4F,0x9C,0x4F,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0x41,0x41,0x41,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0x41,0x41,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD1,0xD1,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0x49,0xDF, \
					0x4F,0xE1,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x59,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT852  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xDE,0x8F,0x80,0x9D,0xD3,0x8A,0x8A,0xD7,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x91,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9E,0xAC, \
					0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA4,0xA4,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA8,0xAA,0x8D,0xAC,0xB8,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBD,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC6,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD2,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xB7,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE3,0xD5,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE9,0xE8,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xDD,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xEB,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT855  {0x81,0x81,0x83,0x83,0x85,0x85,0x87,0x87,0x89,0x89,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8D,0x8F,0x8F, \
					0x91,0x91,0x93,0x93,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x99,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9D,0x9F,0x9F, \
					0xA1,0xA1,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA5,0xA7,0xA7,0xA9,0xA9,0xAB,0xAB,0xAD,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB6,0xB6,0xB8,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBE,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD1,0xD1,0xD3,0xD3,0xD5,0xD5,0xD7,0xD7,0xDD,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xE0,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE2,0xE2,0xE4,0xE4,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEC,0xEC,0xEE,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT857  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9E, \
					0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0x49,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xDE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT860  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x8F,0x8E,0x91,0x86,0x80,0x89,0x89,0x92,0x8B,0x8C,0x98,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x8C,0x99,0xA9,0x96,0x9D,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x86,0x8B,0x9F,0x96,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT861  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x8D,0x55,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT862  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT863  {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x86,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x8D,0x41,0x8F, \
					0x45,0x45,0x45,0x4F,0x45,0x49,0x55,0x55,0x98,0x4F,0x55,0x9B,0x9C,0x55,0x55,0x9F, \
					0xA0,0xA1,0x4F,0x55,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0x49,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT864  {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT865  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT866  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
					0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT869  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
					0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x86,0x9C,0x8D,0x8F,0x90, \
					0x91,0x90,0x92,0x95,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
					0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
					0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
					0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xA7,0xA8,0xDF, \
					0xA9,0xAA,0xAC,0xAD,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xCF,0xCF,0xD0,0xEF, \
					0xF0,0xF1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xF5,0xD4,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xD5,0x96,0x95,0x98,0xFE,0xFF}


/* DBCS code range |----- 1st byte -----|  |----------- 2nd byte -----------| */
/*                  <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>  */
#define TBL_DC932 {0x81, 0x9F, 0xE0, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00}
#define TBL_DC936 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00}
#define TBL_DC949 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x5A, 0x61, 0x7A, 0x81, 0xFE}
#define TBL_DC950 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0xA1, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00}


/* Macros for table definitions */
#define MERGE_2STR(a, b) a ## b
#define MKCVTBL(hd, cp) MERGE_2STR(hd, cp)




/*  --------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Module Private Work Area

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*  Remark: Variables defined here without initial value shall be guaranteed
    /  zero/null at start-up. If not, the linker option or start-up routine is
    /  not compliance with C standard. */

/*--------------------------------*/
/* File/Volume controls           */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_VOLUMES < 1 || FF_VOLUMES > 10
#error Wrong FF_VOLUMES setting
#endif
static FATFS *FatFs[FF_VOLUMES];	/* Pointer to the filesystem objects (logical drives) */
static WORD Fsid;					/* Filesystem mount ID */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
static BYTE CurrVol;				/* Current drive set by f_chdrive() */
#endif

#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
static FILESEM Files[FF_FS_LOCK];	/* Open object lock semaphores */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
static BYTE SysLock;				/* System lock flag (0:no mutex, 1:unlocked, 2:locked) */
#endif
#endif

#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
#ifdef FF_VOLUME_STRS
static const char *const VolumeStr[FF_VOLUMES] = {FF_VOLUME_STRS};	/* Pre-defined volume ID */
#endif
#endif

#if FF_LBA64
#if FF_MIN_GPT > 0x100000000
#error Wrong FF_MIN_GPT setting
#endif
static const BYTE GUID_MS_Basic[16] = {0xA2, 0xA0, 0xD0, 0xEB, 0xE5, 0xB9, 0x33, 0x44, 0x87, 0xC0, 0x68, 0xB6, 0xB7, 0x26, 0x99, 0xC7};
#endif



/*--------------------------------*/
/* LFN/Directory working buffer   */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_USE_LFN == 0		/* Non-LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#error LFN must be enabled when enable exFAT
#endif
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res)	return res

#else					/* LFN configurations */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 12 || FF_MAX_LFN > 255
#error Wrong setting of FF_MAX_LFN
#endif
#if FF_LFN_BUF < FF_SFN_BUF || FF_SFN_BUF < 12
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_BUF or FF_SFN_BUF
#endif
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE < 0 || FF_LFN_UNICODE > 3
#error Wrong setting of FF_LFN_UNICODE
#endif
static const BYTE LfnOfs[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, 30};	/* FAT: Offset of LFN characters in the directory entry */
#define MAXDIRB(nc)	((nc + 44U) / 15 * SZDIRE)	/* exFAT: Size of directory entry block scratchpad buffer needed for the name length */

#if FF_USE_LFN == 1		/* LFN enabled with static working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static BYTE	DirBuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)];	/* Directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#endif
static WCHAR LfnBuf[FF_MAX_LFN + 1];		/* LFN working buffer */
#define DEF_NAMBUF
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res)	return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 2 	/* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF		WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN+1]; BYTE dbuf[MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)];	/* LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)	{ (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; (fs)->dirbuf = dbuf; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF		WCHAR lbuf[FF_MAX_LFN+1];	/* LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)	{ (fs)->lfnbuf = lbuf; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res)	return res

#elif FF_USE_LFN == 3 	/* LFN enabled with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
#define DEF_NAMBUF		WCHAR *lfn;	/* Pointer to LFN working buffer and directory entry block scratchpad buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)	{ lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN+1)*2 + MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)); if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; (fs)->dirbuf = (BYTE*)(lfn+FF_MAX_LFN+1); }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()	ff_memfree(lfn)
#else
#define DEF_NAMBUF		WCHAR *lfn;	/* Pointer to LFN working buffer */
#define INIT_NAMBUF(fs)	{ lfn = ff_memalloc((FF_MAX_LFN+1)*2); if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); (fs)->lfnbuf = lfn; }
#define FREE_NAMBUF()	ff_memfree(lfn)
#endif
#define LEAVE_MKFS(res)	{ if (!work) ff_memfree(buf); return res; }
#define MAX_MALLOC	0x8000	/* Must be >=FF_MAX_SS */

#else
#error Wrong setting of FF_USE_LFN

#endif	/* FF_USE_LFN == 1 */
#endif	/* FF_USE_LFN == 0 */



/*--------------------------------*/
/* Code conversion tables         */
/*--------------------------------*/

#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0	/* Run-time code page configuration */
#define CODEPAGE CodePage
static WORD CodePage;	/* Current code page */
static const BYTE* ExCvt;	/* Ptr to SBCS up-case table Ct???[] (null:not used) */
static const BYTE* DbcTbl;	/* Ptr to DBCS code range table Dc???[] (null:not used) */

static const BYTE Ct437[] = TBL_CT437;
static const BYTE Ct720[] = TBL_CT720;
static const BYTE Ct737[] = TBL_CT737;
static const BYTE Ct771[] = TBL_CT771;
static const BYTE Ct775[] = TBL_CT775;
static const BYTE Ct850[] = TBL_CT850;
static const BYTE Ct852[] = TBL_CT852;
static const BYTE Ct855[] = TBL_CT855;
static const BYTE Ct857[] = TBL_CT857;
static const BYTE Ct860[] = TBL_CT860;
static const BYTE Ct861[] = TBL_CT861;
static const BYTE Ct862[] = TBL_CT862;
static const BYTE Ct863[] = TBL_CT863;
static const BYTE Ct864[] = TBL_CT864;
static const BYTE Ct865[] = TBL_CT865;
static const BYTE Ct866[] = TBL_CT866;
static const BYTE Ct869[] = TBL_CT869;
static const BYTE Dc932[] = TBL_DC932;
static const BYTE Dc936[] = TBL_DC936;
static const BYTE Dc949[] = TBL_DC949;
static const BYTE Dc950[] = TBL_DC950;

#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900	/* Static code page configuration (SBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_CT, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#else					/* Static code page configuration (DBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE DbcTbl[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_DC, FF_CODE_PAGE);

#endif




/*  --------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Module Private Functions

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/


/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD ld_word(const BYTE* ptr) {	/*	 Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
    WORD rv;

    rv = ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

static DWORD ld_dword(const BYTE* ptr) {	/* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
    DWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static QWORD ld_qword(const BYTE* ptr) {	/* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
    QWORD rv;

    rv = ptr[7];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
#endif

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_word(BYTE* ptr, WORD val) {	/* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

static void st_dword(BYTE* ptr, DWORD val) {	/* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static void st_qword(BYTE* ptr, QWORD val) {	/* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif	/* !FF_FS_READONLY */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Test if the byte is DBC 1st byte */
static int dbc_1st(BYTE c) {
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0		/* Variable code page */
    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) {
            return 1;    /* 1st byte range 1 */
        }
        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) {
            return 1;    /* 1st byte range 2 */
        }
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900	/* DBCS fixed code page */
    if (c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) {
            return 1;
        }
    }
#else						/* SBCS fixed code page */
    if (c != 0) {
        return 0;    /* Always false */
    }
#endif
    return 0;
}


/* Test if the byte is DBC 2nd byte */
static int dbc_2nd(BYTE c) {
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0		/* Variable code page */
    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) {
            return 1;    /* 2nd byte range 1 */
        }
        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) {
            return 1;    /* 2nd byte range 2 */
        }
        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) {
            return 1;    /* 2nd byte range 3 */
        }
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900	/* DBCS fixed code page */
    if (c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) {
            return 1;
        }
    }
#else						/* SBCS fixed code page */
    if (c != 0) {
        return 0;    /* Always false */
    }
#endif
    return 0;
}


#if FF_USE_LFN

/* Get a Unicode code point from the TCHAR string in defined API encodeing */
static DWORD tchar2uni(  /* Returns a character in UTF-16 encoding (>=0x10000 on surrogate pair, 0xFFFFFFFF on decode error) */
    const TCHAR** str		/* Pointer to pointer to TCHAR string in configured encoding */
) {
    DWORD uc;
    const TCHAR *p = *str;

#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1		/* UTF-16 input */
    WCHAR wc;

    uc = *p++;	/* Get a unit */
    if (IsSurrogate(uc)) {	/* Surrogate? */
        wc = *p++;		/* Get low surrogate */
        if (!IsSurrogateH(uc) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Wrong surrogate? */
        }
        uc = uc << 16 | wc;
    }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2	/* UTF-8 input */
    BYTE b;
    int nf;

    uc = (BYTE) * p++;	/* Get an encoding unit */
    if (uc & 0x80) {	/* Multiple byte code? */
        if ((uc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {	/* 2-byte sequence? */
            uc &= 0x1F; nf = 1;
        } else if ((uc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {	/* 3-byte sequence? */
            uc &= 0x0F; nf = 2;
        } else if ((uc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {	/* 4-byte sequence? */
            uc &= 0x07; nf = 3;
        } else {							/* Wrong sequence */
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        }
        do {	/* Get trailing bytes */
            b = (BYTE) * p++;
            if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                return 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Wrong sequence? */
            }
            uc = uc << 6 | (b & 0x3F);
        } while (--nf != 0);
        if (uc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(uc) || uc >= 0x110000) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Wrong code? */
        }
        if (uc >= 0x010000) {
            uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF);    /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
        }
    }

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3	/* UTF-32 input */
    uc = (TCHAR) * p++;	/* Get a unit */
    if (uc >= 0x110000 || IsSurrogate(uc)) {
        return 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Wrong code? */
    }
    if (uc >= 0x010000) {
        uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF);    /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
    }

#else		/* ANSI/OEM input */
    BYTE b;
    WCHAR wc;

    wc = (BYTE) * p++;			/* Get a byte */
    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {	/* Is it a DBC 1st byte? */
        b = (BYTE) * p++;			/* Get 2nd byte */
        if (!dbc_2nd(b)) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Invalid code? */
        }
        wc = (wc << 8) + b;		/* Make a DBC */
    }
    if (wc != 0) {
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);	/* ANSI/OEM ==> Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Invalid code? */
        }
    }
    uc = wc;

#endif
    *str = p;	/* Next read pointer */
    return uc;
}


/* Store a Unicode char in defined API encoding */
static UINT put_utf(  /* Returns number of encoding units written (0:buffer overflow or wrong encoding) */
    DWORD chr,	/* UTF-16 encoded character (Surrogate pair if >=0x10000) */
    TCHAR* buf,	/* Output buffer */
    UINT szb	/* Size of the buffer */
) {
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1	/* UTF-16 output */
    WCHAR hs, wc;

    hs = (WCHAR)(chr >> 16);
    wc = (WCHAR)chr;
    if (hs == 0) {	/* Single encoding unit? */
        if (szb < 1 || IsSurrogate(wc)) {
            return 0;    /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        }
        *buf = wc;
        return 1;
    }
    if (szb < 2 || !IsSurrogateH(hs) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) {
        return 0;    /* Buffer overflow or wrong surrogate? */
    }
    *buf++ = hs;
    *buf++ = wc;
    return 2;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2	/* UTF-8 output */
    DWORD hc;

    if (chr < 0x80) {	/* Single byte code? */
        if (szb < 1) {
            return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
        }
        *buf = (TCHAR)chr;
        return 1;
    }
    if (chr < 0x800) {	/* 2-byte sequence? */
        if (szb < 2) {
            return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
        }
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (chr >> 6 & 0x1F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 2;
    }
    if (chr < 0x10000) {	/* 3-byte sequence? */
        if (szb < 3 || IsSurrogate(chr)) {
            return 0;    /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        }
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (chr >> 12 & 0x0F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 3;
    }
    /* 4-byte sequence */
    if (szb < 4) {
        return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
    }
    hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6;	/* Get high 10 bits */
    chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;					/* Get low 10 bits */
    if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) {
        return 0;    /* Wrong surrogate? */
    }
    chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (chr >> 18 & 0x07));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 12 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
    return 4;

#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3	/* UTF-32 output */
    DWORD hc;

    if (szb < 1) {
        return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
    }
    if (chr >= 0x10000) {	/* Out of BMP? */
        hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6;	/* Get high 10 bits */
        chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;					/* Get low 10 bits */
        if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) {
            return 0;    /* Wrong surrogate? */
        }
        chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    }
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)chr;
    return 1;

#else						/* ANSI/OEM output */
    WCHAR wc;

    wc = ff_uni2oem(chr, CODEPAGE);
    if (wc >= 0x100) {	/* Is this a DBC? */
        if (szb < 2) {
            return 0;
        }
        *buf++ = (char)(wc >> 8);	/* Store DBC 1st byte */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;			/* Store DBC 2nd byte */
        return 2;
    }
    if (wc == 0 || szb < 1) {
        return 0;    /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
    }
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;					/* Store the character */
    return 1;
#endif
}
#endif	/* FF_USE_LFN */


#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int lock_volume(  /* 1:Ok, 0:timeout */
    FATFS* fs,				/* Filesystem object to lock */
    int syslock				/* System lock required */
) {
    int rv;


#if FF_FS_LOCK
    rv = ff_mutex_take(fs->ldrv);	/* Lock the volume */
    if (rv && syslock) {			/* System lock reqiered? */
        rv = ff_mutex_take(FF_VOLUMES);	/* Lock the system */
        if (rv) {
            SysLock = 2;				/* System lock succeeded */
        } else {
            ff_mutex_give(fs->ldrv);	/* Failed system lock */
        }
    }
#else
    rv = syslock ? ff_mutex_take(fs->ldrv) : ff_mutex_take(fs->ldrv);	/* Lock the volume (this is to prevent compiler warning) */
#endif
    return rv;
}


static void unlock_volume(
    FATFS* fs,		/* Filesystem object */
    FRESULT res		/* Result code to be returned */
) {
    if (fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK
        if (SysLock == 2) {	/* Is the system locked? */
            SysLock = 1;
            ff_mutex_give(FF_VOLUMES);
        }
#endif
        ff_mutex_give(fs->ldrv);	/* Unlock the volume */
    }
}

#endif



#if FF_FS_LOCK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File shareing control functions                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT chk_share(  /* Check if the file can be accessed */
    DIR* dp,		/* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
    int acc			/* Desired access type (0:Read mode open, 1:Write mode open, 2:Delete or rename) */
) {
    UINT i, be;

    /* Search open object table for the object */
    be = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs) {	/* Existing entry */
            if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs &&	 	/* Check if the object matches with an open object */
                    Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
                    Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) {
                break;
            }
        } else {			/* Blank entry */
            be = 1;
        }
    }
    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {	/* The object has not been opened */
        return (!be && acc != 2) ? FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES : FR_OK;	/* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
    }

    /* The object was opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
    return (acc != 0 || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}


static int enq_share(void) {	/* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;	/* Find a free entry */
    return (i == FF_FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}


static UINT inc_share(  /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
    DIR* dp,	/* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
    int acc		/* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
) {
    UINT i;


    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {	/* Find the object */
        if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs
                && Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust
                && Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) {
            break;
        }
    }

    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {			/* Not opened. Register it as new. */
        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;	/* Find a free entry */
        if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {
            return 0;    /* No free entry to register (int err) */
        }
        Files[i].fs = dp->obj.fs;
        Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
        Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
        Files[i].ctr = 0;
    }

    if (acc >= 1 && Files[i].ctr) {
        return 0;    /* Access violation (int err) */
    }

    Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1;	/* Set semaphore value */

    return i + 1;	/* Index number origin from 1 */
}


static FRESULT dec_share(  /* Decrement object open counter */
    UINT i			/* Semaphore index (1..) */
) {
    UINT n;
    FRESULT res;


    if (--i < FF_FS_LOCK) {	/* Index number origin from 0 */
        n = Files[i].ctr;
        if (n == 0x100) {
            n = 0;    /* If write mode open, delete the object semaphore */
        }
        if (n > 0) {
            n--;    /* Decrement read mode open count */
        }
        Files[i].ctr = n;
        if (n == 0) {			/* Delete the object semaphore if open count becomes zero */
            Files[i].fs = 0;	/* Free the entry <<<If this memory write operation is not in atomic, FF_FS_REENTRANT == 1 and FF_VOLUMES > 1, there is a potential error in this process >>> */
        }
        res = FR_OK;
    } else {
        res = FR_INT_ERR;		/* Invalid index number */
    }
    return res;
}


static void clear_share(  /* Clear all lock entries of the volume */
    FATFS* fs
) {
    UINT i;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs == fs) {
            Files[i].fs = 0;
        }
    }
}

#endif	/* FF_FS_LOCK */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the filesystem object                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT sync_window(  /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS* fs			/* Filesystem object */
) {
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;


    if (fs->wflag) {	/* Is the disk access window dirty? */
        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1) == RES_OK) {	/* Write it back into the volume */
            fs->wflag = 0;	/* Clear window dirty flag */
            if (fs->winsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize) {	/* Is it in the 1st FAT? */
                if (fs->n_fats == 2) {
                    disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect + fs->fsize, 1);    /* Reflect it to 2nd FAT if needed */
                }
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    }
    return res;
}
#endif


static FRESULT move_window(  /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS* fs,		/* Filesystem object */
    LBA_t sect		/* Sector LBA to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
) {
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;


    if (sect != fs->winsect) {	/* Window offset changed? */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        res = sync_window(fs);		/* Flush the window */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {			/* Fill sector window with new data */
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fs->win, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                sect = (LBA_t)0 - 1;	/* Invalidate window if read data is not valid */
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            fs->winsect = sect;
        }
    }
    return res;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize filesystem and data on the storage                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT sync_fs(  /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS* fs		/* Filesystem object */
) {
    FRESULT res;


    res = sync_window(fs);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1) {	/* FAT32: Update FSInfo sector if needed */
            /* Create FSInfo structure */
            memset(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);
            st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);					/* Boot signature */
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);		/* Leading signature */
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);		/* Structure signature */
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);	/* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);	/* Last allocated culuster */
            fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;						/* Write it into the FSInfo sector (Next to VBR) */
            disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
        }
        /* Make sure that no pending write process in the lower layer */
        if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get physical sector number from cluster number                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static LBA_t clst2sect(  /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
    FATFS* fs,		/* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst		/* Cluster# to be converted */
) {
    clst -= 2;		/* Cluster number is origin from 2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
        return 0;    /* Is it invalid cluster number? */
    }
    return fs->database + (LBA_t)fs->csize * clst;	/* Start sector number of the cluster */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of an FAT entry                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD get_fat(   /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
    FFOBJID* obj,	/* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst		/* Cluster number to get the value */
) {
    UINT wc, bc;
    DWORD val;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {	/* Check if in valid range */
        val = 1;	/* Internal error */

    } else {
        val = 0xFFFFFFFF;	/* Default value falls on disk error */

        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12 :
            bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)];		/* Get 1st byte of the entry */
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;	/* Merge 2nd byte of the entry */
            val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF);	/* Adjust bit position */
            break;

        case FS_FAT16 :
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs));		/* Simple WORD array */
            break;

        case FS_FAT32 :
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF;	/* Simple DWORD array but mask out upper 4 bits */
            break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT :
            if ((obj->objsize != 0 && obj->sclust != 0) || obj->stat == 0) {	/* Object except root dir must have valid data length */
                DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;	/* Offset from start cluster */
                DWORD clen = (DWORD)((LBA_t)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize);	/* Number of clusters - 1 */

                if (obj->stat == 2 && cofs <= clen) {	/* Is it a contiguous chain? */
                    val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1;	/* No data on the FAT, generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont) {	/* Is it in the 1st fragment? */
                    val = clst + 1; 	/* Generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat != 2) {	/* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                    if (obj->n_frag != 0) {	/* Is it on the growing edge? */
                        val = 0x7FFFFFFF;	/* Generate EOC */
                    } else {
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) {
                            break;
                        }
                        val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
            val = 1;	/* Internal error */
            break;
#endif
        default:
            val = 1;	/* Internal error */
        }
    }

    return val;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of an FAT entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT put_fat(  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    FATFS* fs,		/* Corresponding filesystem object */
    DWORD clst,		/* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
    DWORD val		/* New value to be set to the entry */
) {
    UINT bc;
    BYTE *p;
    FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;


    if (clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent) {	/* Check if in valid range */
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12:
            bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;	/* bc: byte offset of the entry */
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            p = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
            *p = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val;	/* Update 1st byte */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            p = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
            *p = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F));	/* Update 2nd byte */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;

        case FS_FAT16:
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val);	/* Simple WORD array */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;

        case FS_FAT32:
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT:
#endif
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
            }
            st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/*--------------------------------------*/
/* Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*--------------------------------------*/

static DWORD find_bitmap(  /* 0:Not found, 2..:Cluster block found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
    FATFS* fs,	/* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst,	/* Cluster number to scan from */
    DWORD ncl	/* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
) {
    BYTE bm, bv;
    UINT i;
    DWORD val, scl, ctr;


    clst -= 2;	/* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
        clst = 0;
    }
    scl = val = clst; ctr = 0;
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, fs->bitbase + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        }
        i = val / 8 % SS(fs); bm = 1 << (val % 8);
        do {
            do {
                bv = fs->win[i] & bm; bm <<= 1;		/* Get bit value */
                if (++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {	/* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                    val = 0; bm = 0; i = SS(fs);
                }
                if (bv == 0) {	/* Is it a free cluster? */
                    if (++ctr == ncl) {
                        return scl + 2;    /* Check if run length is sufficient for required */
                    }
                } else {
                    scl = val; ctr = 0;		/* Encountered a cluster in-use, restart to scan */
                }
                if (val == clst) {
                    return 0;    /* All cluster scanned? */
                }
            } while (bm != 0);
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));
    }
}


/*----------------------------------------*/
/* Set/Clear a block of allocation bitmap */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT change_bitmap(
    FATFS* fs,	/* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst,	/* Cluster number to change from */
    DWORD ncl,	/* Number of clusters to be changed */
    int bv		/* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
) {
    BYTE bm;
    UINT i;
    LBA_t sect;


    clst -= 2;	/* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
    sect = fs->bitbase + clst / 8 / SS(fs);	/* Sector address */
    i = clst / 8 % SS(fs);					/* Byte offset in the sector */
    bm = 1 << (clst % 8);					/* Bit mask in the byte */
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
        do {
            do {
                if (bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0)) {
                    return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Is the bit expected value? */
                }
                fs->win[i] ^= bm;	/* Flip the bit */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                if (--ncl == 0) {
                    return FR_OK;    /* All bits processed? */
                }
            } while (bm <<= 1);		/* Next bit */
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));		/* Next byte */
        i = 0;
    }
}


/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the first fragment of the FAT chain    */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_first_frag(
    FFOBJID* obj	/* Pointer to the corresponding object */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    DWORD cl, n;


    if (obj->stat == 3) {	/* Has the object been changed 'fragmented' in this session? */
        for (cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--) {	/* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
            res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }
        }
        obj->stat = 0;	/* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
    }
    return FR_OK;
}


/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the last fragment of the FAT chain     */
/*---------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT fill_last_frag(
    FFOBJID* obj,	/* Pointer to the corresponding object */
    DWORD lcl,		/* Last cluster of the fragment */
    DWORD term		/* Value to set the last FAT entry */
) {
    FRESULT res;


    while (obj->n_frag > 0) {	/* Create the chain of last fragment */
        res = put_fat(obj->fs, lcl - obj->n_frag + 1, (obj->n_frag > 1) ? lcl - obj->n_frag + 2 : term);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
        obj->n_frag--;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}

#endif	/* FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT remove_chain(  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    FFOBJID* obj,		/* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst,			/* Cluster to remove a chain from */
    DWORD pclst			/* Previous cluster of clst (0 if entire chain) */
) {
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
    DWORD nxt;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
    DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
    LBA_t rt[2];
#endif

    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Check if in valid range */
    }

    /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
    if (pclst != 0 && (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2)) {
        res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
    }

    /* Remove the chain */
    do {
        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);			/* Get cluster status */
        if (nxt == 0) {
            break;    /* Empty cluster? */
        }
        if (nxt == 1) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Internal error? */
        }
        if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Disk error? */
        }
        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0);		/* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }
        }
        if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) {	/* Update FSINFO */
            fs->free_clst++;
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
        if (ecl + 1 == nxt) {	/* Is next cluster contiguous? */
            ecl = nxt;
        } else {				/* End of contiguous cluster block */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0);	/* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    return res;
                }
            }
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
            rt[0] = clst2sect(fs, scl);					/* Start of data area to be freed */
            rt[1] = clst2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1;	/* End of data area to be freed */
            disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);		/* Inform storage device that the data in the block may be erased */
#endif
            scl = ecl = nxt;
        }
#endif
        clst = nxt;					/* Next cluster */
    } while (clst < fs->n_fatent);	/* Repeat while not the last link */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    /* Some post processes for chain status */
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        if (pclst == 0) {	/* Has the entire chain been removed? */
            obj->stat = 0;		/* Change the chain status 'initial' */
        } else {
            if (obj->stat == 0) {	/* Is it a fragmented chain from the beginning of this session? */
                clst = obj->sclust;		/* Follow the chain to check if it gets contiguous */
                while (clst != pclst) {
                    nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);
                    if (nxt < 2) {
                        return FR_INT_ERR;
                    }
                    if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;
                    }
                    if (nxt != clst + 1) {
                        break;    /* Not contiguous? */
                    }
                    clst++;
                }
                if (clst == pclst) {	/* Has the chain got contiguous again? */
                    obj->stat = 2;		/* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            } else {
                if (obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont) {	/* Was the chain fragmented in this session and got contiguous again? */
                    obj->stat = 2;	/* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            }
        }
    }
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD create_chain(  /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
    FFOBJID* obj,		/* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst			/* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
) {
    DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;


    if (clst == 0) {	/* Create a new chain */
        scl = fs->last_clst;				/* Suggested cluster to start to find */
        if (scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent) {
            scl = 1;
        }
    } else {				/* Stretch a chain */
        cs = get_fat(obj, clst);			/* Check the cluster status */
        if (cs < 2) {
            return 1;    /* Test for insanity */
        }
        if (cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return cs;    /* Test for disk error */
        }
        if (cs < fs->n_fatent) {
            return cs;    /* It is already followed by next cluster */
        }
        scl = clst;							/* Cluster to start to find */
    }
    if (fs->free_clst == 0) {
        return 0;    /* No free cluster */
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* On the exFAT volume */
        ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1);				/* Find a free cluster */
        if (ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return ncl;    /* No free cluster or hard error? */
        }
        res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1);			/* Mark the cluster 'in use' */
        if (res == FR_INT_ERR) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (res == FR_DISK_ERR) {
            return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        }
        if (clst == 0) {							/* Is it a new chain? */
            obj->stat = 2;							/* Set status 'contiguous' */
        } else {									/* It is a stretched chain */
            if (obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1) {	/* Is the chain got fragmented? */
                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust;	/* Set size of the contiguous part */
                obj->stat = 3;						/* Change status 'just fragmented' */
            }
        }
        if (obj->stat != 2) {	/* Is the file non-contiguous? */
            if (ncl == clst + 1) {	/* Is the cluster next to previous one? */
                obj->n_frag = obj->n_frag ? obj->n_frag + 1 : 2;	/* Increment size of last framgent */
            } else {				/* New fragment */
                if (obj->n_frag == 0) {
                    obj->n_frag = 1;
                }
                res = fill_last_frag(obj, clst, ncl);	/* Fill last fragment on the FAT and link it to new one */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    obj->n_frag = 1;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        ncl = 0;
        if (scl == clst) {						/* Stretching an existing chain? */
            ncl = scl + 1;						/* Test if next cluster is free */
            if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) {
                ncl = 2;
            }
            cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);				/* Get next cluster status */
            if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                return cs;    /* Test for error */
            }
            if (cs != 0) {						/* Not free? */
                cs = fs->last_clst;				/* Start at suggested cluster if it is valid */
                if (cs >= 2 && cs < fs->n_fatent) {
                    scl = cs;
                }
                ncl = 0;
            }
        }
        if (ncl == 0) {	/* The new cluster cannot be contiguous and find another fragment */
            ncl = scl;	/* Start cluster */
            for (;;) {
                ncl++;							/* Next cluster */
                if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) {		/* Check wrap-around */
                    ncl = 2;
                    if (ncl > scl) {
                        return 0;    /* No free cluster found? */
                    }
                }
                cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);			/* Get the cluster status */
                if (cs == 0) {
                    break;    /* Found a free cluster? */
                }
                if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    return cs;    /* Test for error */
                }
                if (ncl == scl) {
                    return 0;    /* No free cluster found? */
                }
            }
        }
        res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF);		/* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */
        if (res == FR_OK && clst != 0) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl);		/* Link it from the previous one if needed */
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) {			/* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
        fs->last_clst = ncl;
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            fs->free_clst--;
        }
        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
    } else {
        ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1;	/* Failed. Generate error status */
    }

    return ncl;		/* Return new cluster number or error status */
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD clmt_clust(  /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
    FIL* fp,		/* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs		/* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
) {
    DWORD cl, ncl;
    DWORD *tbl;
    FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;


    tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;	/* Top of CLMT */
    cl = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize);	/* Cluster order from top of the file */
    for (;;) {
        ncl = *tbl++;			/* Number of cluters in the fragment */
        if (ncl == 0) {
            return 0;    /* End of table? (error) */
        }
        if (cl < ncl) {
            break;    /* In this fragment? */
        }
        cl -= ncl; tbl++;		/* Next fragment */
    }
    return cl + *tbl;	/* Return the cluster number */
}

#endif	/* FF_USE_FASTSEEK */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Fill a cluster with zeros                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static FRESULT dir_clear(  /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS *fs,		/* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst		/* Directory table to clear */
) {
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT n, szb;
    BYTE *ibuf;


    if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Flush disk access window */
    }
    sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);		/* Top of the cluster */
    fs->winsect = sect;				/* Set window to top of the cluster */
    memset(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);	/* Clear window buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3		/* Quick table clear by using multi-secter write */
    /* Allocate a temporary buffer */
    for (szb = ((DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs) >= MAX_MALLOC) ? MAX_MALLOC : fs->csize * SS(fs), ibuf = 0; szb > SS(fs) && (ibuf = ff_memalloc(szb)) == 0; szb /= 2) ;
    if (szb > SS(fs)) {		/* Buffer allocated? */
        memset(ibuf, 0, szb);
        szb /= SS(fs);		/* Bytes -> Sectors */
        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb) ;	/* Fill the cluster with 0 */
        ff_memfree(ibuf);
    } else
#endif
    {
        ibuf = fs->win; szb = 1;	/* Use window buffer (many single-sector writes may take a time) */
        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb) ;	/* Fill the cluster with 0 */
    }
    return (n == fs->csize) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
}
#endif	/* !FF_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_sdi(  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp,		/* Pointer to directory object */
    DWORD ofs		/* Offset of directory table */
) {
    DWORD csz, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE) {	/* Check range of offset and alignment */
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;				/* Set current offset */
    clst = dp->obj.sclust;		/* Table start cluster (0:root) */
    if (clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32) {	/* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
        clst = (DWORD)fs->dirbase;
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT) {
            dp->obj.stat = 0;    /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
        }
    }

    if (clst == 0) {	/* Static table (root-directory on the FAT volume) */
        if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Is index out of range? */
        }
        dp->sect = fs->dirbase;

    } else {			/* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory on the FAT32/exFAT volume) */
        csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);	/* Bytes per cluster */
        while (ofs >= csz) {				/* Follow cluster chain */
            clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst);				/* Get next cluster */
            if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Disk error */
            }
            if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
                return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
            }
            ofs -= csz;
        }
        dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
    }
    dp->clust = clst;					/* Current cluster# */
    if (dp->sect == 0) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);			/* Sector# of the directory entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs));	/* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_next(  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
    DIR* dp,				/* Pointer to the directory object */
    int stretch				/* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
) {
    DWORD ofs, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


    ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE;	/* Next entry */
    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR)) {
        dp->sect = 0;    /* Disable it if the offset reached the max value */
    }
    if (dp->sect == 0) {
        return FR_NO_FILE;    /* Report EOT if it has been disabled */
    }

    if (ofs % SS(fs) == 0) {	/* Sector changed? */
        dp->sect++;				/* Next sector */

        if (dp->clust == 0) {	/* Static table */
            if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) {	/* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
                dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
            }
        } else {					/* Dynamic table */
            if ((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0) {	/* Cluster changed? */
                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust);		/* Get next cluster */
                if (clst <= 1) {
                    return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Internal error */
                }
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Disk error */
                }
                if (clst >= fs->n_fatent) {					/* It reached end of dynamic table */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (!stretch) {								/* If no stretch, report EOT */
                        dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
                    }
                    clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust);	/* Allocate a cluster */
                    if (clst == 0) {
                        return FR_DENIED;    /* No free cluster */
                    }
                    if (clst == 1) {
                        return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Internal error */
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Disk error */
                    }
                    if (dir_clear(fs, clst) != FR_OK) {
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Clean up the stretched table */
                    }
                    if (FF_FS_EXFAT) {
                        dp->obj.stat |= 4;    /* exFAT: The directory has been stretched */
                    }
#else
                    if (!stretch) {
                        dp->sect = 0;    /* (this line is to suppress compiler warning) */
                    }
                    dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;			/* Report EOT */
#endif
                }
                dp->clust = clst;		/* Initialize data for new cluster */
                dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
            }
        }
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;						/* Current entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs);	/* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */

    return FR_OK;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_alloc(  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp,				/* Pointer to the directory object */
    UINT n_ent				/* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    UINT n;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        n = 0;
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if ((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)) {	/* Is the entry free? */
#else
            if (dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0) {	/* Is the entry free? */
#endif
                if (++n == n_ent) {
                    break;    /* Is a block of contiguous free entries found? */
                }
            } else {
                n = 0;				/* Not a free entry, restart to search */
            }
            res = dir_next(dp, 1);	/* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
        } while (res == FR_OK);
    }

    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
        res = FR_DENIED;    /* No directory entry to allocate */
    }
    return res;
}

#endif	/* !FF_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD ld_clust(  /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
    FATFS* fs,			/* Pointer to the fs object */
    const BYTE* dir		/* Pointer to the key entry */
) {
    DWORD cl;

    cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
    }

    return cl;
}


#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_clust(
    FATFS* fs,	/* Pointer to the fs object */
    BYTE* dir,	/* Pointer to the key entry */
    DWORD cl	/* Value to be set */
) {
    st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
    }
}
#endif



#if FF_USE_LFN
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/

static int cmp_lfn(   /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
    const WCHAR* lfnbuf,	/* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
    BYTE* dir				/* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
) {
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;


    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) {
        return 0;    /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */
    }

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13;	/* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {		/* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);		/* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1 || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++])) {	/* Compare it */
                return 0;					/* Not matched */
            }
            wc = uc;
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) {
                return 0;    /* Check filler */
            }
        }
    }

    if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i]) {
        return 0;    /* Last segment matched but different length */
    }

    return 1;		/* The part of LFN matched */
}


#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/

static int pick_lfn(  /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
    WCHAR* lfnbuf,		/* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
    BYTE* dir			/* Pointer to the LFN entry */
) {
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;


    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) {
        return 0;    /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO is 0 */
    }

    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & ~LLEF) - 1) * 13;	/* Offset in the LFN buffer */

    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {		/* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);		/* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) {
                return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
            }
            lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc;			/* Store it */
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) {
                return 0;    /* Check filler */
            }
        }
    }

    if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF && wc != 0) {	/* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part and not terminated */
        if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) {
            return 0;    /* Buffer overflow? */
        }
        lfnbuf[i] = 0;
    }

    return 1;		/* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif


#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/

static void put_lfn(
    const WCHAR* lfn,	/* Pointer to the LFN */
    BYTE* dir,			/* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
    BYTE ord,			/* LFN order (1-20) */
    BYTE sum			/* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
) {
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc;


    dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;			/* Set checksum */
    dir[LDIR_Attr] = AM_LFN;		/* Set attribute. LFN entry */
    dir[LDIR_Type] = 0;
    st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);

    i = (ord - 1) * 13;				/* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
    s = wc = 0;
    do {
        if (wc != 0xFFFF) {
            wc = lfn[i++];    /* Get an effective character */
        }
        st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc);		/* Put it */
        if (wc == 0) {
            wc = 0xFFFF;    /* Padding characters for following items */
        }
    } while (++s < 13);
    if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i]) {
        ord |= LLEF;    /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
    }
    dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord;			/* Set the LFN order */
}

#endif	/* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif	/* FF_USE_LFN */



#if FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void gen_numname(
    BYTE* dst,			/* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
    const BYTE* src,	/* Pointer to SFN in directory form */
    const WCHAR* lfn,	/* Pointer to LFN */
    UINT seq			/* Sequence number */
) {
    BYTE ns[8], c;
    UINT i, j;
    WCHAR wc;
    DWORD sreg;


    memcpy(dst, src, 11);	/* Prepare the SFN to be modified */

    if (seq > 5) {	/* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
        sreg = seq;
        while (*lfn) {	/* Create a CRC as hash value */
            wc = *lfn++;
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                sreg = (sreg << 1) + (wc & 1);
                wc >>= 1;
                if (sreg & 0x10000) {
                    sreg ^= 0x11021;
                }
            }
        }
        seq = (UINT)sreg;
    }

    /* Make suffix (~ + hexadecimal) */
    i = 7;
    do {
        c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0'); seq /= 16;
        if (c > '9') {
            c += 7;
        }
        ns[i--] = c;
    } while (i && seq);
    ns[i] = '~';

    /* Append the suffix to the SFN body */
    for (j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++) {	/* Find the offset to append */
        if (dbc_1st(dst[j])) {	/* To avoid DBC break up */
            if (j == i - 1) {
                break;
            }
            j++;
        }
    }
    do {	/* Append the suffix */
        dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
    } while (j < 8);
}
#endif	/* FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if FF_USE_LFN
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static BYTE sum_sfn(
    const BYTE* dir		/* Pointer to the SFN entry */
) {
    BYTE sum = 0;
    UINT n = 11;

    do {
        sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++;
    } while (--n);
    return sum;
}

#endif	/* FF_USE_LFN */



#if FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static WORD xdir_sum(  /* Get checksum of the directoly entry block */
    const BYTE* dir		/* Directory entry block to be calculated */
) {
    UINT i, szblk;
    WORD sum;


    szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;	/* Number of bytes of the entry block */
    for (i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++) {
        if (i == XDIR_SetSum) {	/* Skip 2-byte sum field */
            i++;
        } else {
            sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
        }
    }
    return sum;
}



static WORD xname_sum(  /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the file name */
    const WCHAR* name	/* File name to be calculated */
) {
    WCHAR chr;
    WORD sum = 0;


    while ((chr = *name++) != 0) {
        chr = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(chr);		/* File name needs to be up-case converted */
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
    }
    return sum;
}


#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
static DWORD xsum32(  /* Returns 32-bit checksum */
    BYTE  dat,			/* Byte to be calculated (byte-by-byte processing) */
    DWORD sum			/* Previous sum value */
) {
    sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
    return sum;
}
#endif



/*------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_xdir(  /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
    DIR* dp					/* Reading directory object pointing top of the entry block to load */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    UINT i, sz_ent;
    BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;	/* Pointer to the on-memory directory entry block 85+C0+C1s */


    /* Load file directory entry */
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILEDIR) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Invalid order */
    }
    memcpy(dirb + 0 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    sz_ent = (dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;
    if (sz_ent < 3 * SZDIRE || sz_ent > 19 * SZDIRE) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }

    /* Load stream extension entry */
    res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
        res = FR_INT_ERR;    /* It cannot be */
    }
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_STREAM) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Invalid order */
    }
    memcpy(dirb + 1 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    if (MAXDIRB(dirb[XDIR_NumName]) > sz_ent) {
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }

    /* Load file name entries */
    i = 2 * SZDIRE;	/* Name offset to load */
    do {
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_INT_ERR;    /* It cannot be */
        }
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILENAME) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Invalid order */
        }
        if (i < MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
            memcpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
        }
    } while ((i += SZDIRE) < sz_ent);

    /* Sanity check (do it for only accessible object) */
    if (i <= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
        if (xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum)) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;
        }
    }
    return FR_OK;
}


/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Initialize object allocation info with loaded entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void init_alloc_info(
    FATFS* fs,		/* Filesystem object */
    FFOBJID* obj	/* Object allocation information to be initialized */
) {
    obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);		/* Start cluster */
    obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);	/* Size */
    obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;				/* Allocation status */
    obj->n_frag = 0;										/* No last fragment info */
}



#if !FF_FS_READONLY || FF_FS_RPATH != 0
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT load_obj_xdir(
    DIR* dp,			/* Blank directory object to be used to access containing directory */
    const FFOBJID* obj	/* Object with its containing directory information */
) {
    FRESULT res;

    /* Open object containing directory */
    dp->obj.fs = obj->fs;
    dp->obj.sclust = obj->c_scl;
    dp->obj.stat = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
    dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0;
    dp->blk_ofs = obj->c_ofs;

    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);	/* Goto object's entry block */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = load_xdir(dp);		/* Load the object's entry block */
    }
    return res;
}
#endif


#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*----------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory entry block */
/*----------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT store_xdir(
    DIR* dp				/* Pointer to the directory object */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    UINT nent;
    BYTE *dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;	/* Pointer to the directory entry block 85+C0+C1s */

    /* Create set sum */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;

    /* Store the directory entry block to the directory */
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);
    while (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }
        memcpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
        dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;
        if (--nent == 0) {
            break;
        }
        dirb += SZDIRE;
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    }
    return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}



/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory entry block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/

static void create_xdir(
    BYTE* dirb,			/* Pointer to the directory entry block buffer */
    const WCHAR* lfn	/* Pointer to the object name */
) {
    UINT i;
    BYTE nc1, nlen;
    WCHAR wc;


    /* Create file-directory and stream-extension entry */
    memset(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE);
    dirb[0 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_FILEDIR;
    dirb[1 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_STREAM;

    /* Create file-name entries */
    i = SZDIRE * 2;	/* Top of file_name entries */
    nlen = nc1 = 0; wc = 1;
    do {
        dirb[i++] = ET_FILENAME; dirb[i++] = 0;
        do {	/* Fill name field */
            if (wc != 0 && (wc = lfn[nlen]) != 0) {
                nlen++;    /* Get a character if exist */
            }
            st_word(dirb + i, wc); 	/* Store it */
            i += 2;
        } while (i % SZDIRE != 0);
        nc1++;
    } while (lfn[nlen]);	/* Fill next entry if any char follows */

    dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nlen;		/* Set name length */
    dirb[XDIR_NumSec] = 1 + nc1;	/* Set secondary count (C0 + C1s) */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn));	/* Set name hash */
}

#endif	/* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif	/* FF_FS_EXFAT */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define DIR_READ_FILE(dp) dir_read(dp, 0)
#define DIR_READ_LABEL(dp) dir_read(dp, 1)

static FRESULT dir_read(
    DIR* dp,		/* Pointer to the directory object */
    int vol			/* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
) {
    FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE attr, b;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif

    while (dp->sect) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }
        b = dp->dir[DIR_Name];	/* Test for the entry type */
        if (b == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE; break; /* Reached to end of the directory */
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* On the exFAT volume */
            if (FF_USE_LABEL && vol) {
                if (b == ET_VLABEL) {
                    break;    /* Volume label entry? */
                }
            } else {
                if (b == ET_FILEDIR) {		/* Start of the file entry block? */
                    dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;	/* Get location of the block */
                    res = load_xdir(dp);	/* Load the entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;	/* Get attribute */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else
#endif
        {
            /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
            dp->obj.attr = attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;	/* Get attribute */
#if FF_USE_LFN		/* LFN configuration */
            if (b == DDEM || b == '.' || (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol) {	/* An entry without valid data */
                ord = 0xFF;
            } else {
                if (attr == AM_LFN) {	/* An LFN entry is found */
                    if (b & LLEF) {		/* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        b &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = b;
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                    }
                    /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                    ord = (b == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                } else {				/* An SFN entry is found */
                    if (ord != 0 || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir)) {	/* Is there a valid LFN? */
                        dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;	/* It has no LFN. */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
#else		/* Non LFN configuration */
            if (b != DDEM && b != '.' && attr != AM_LFN && (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol) {	/* Is it a valid entry? */
                break;
            }
#endif
        }
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);		/* Next entry */
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        dp->sect = 0;    /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
    }
    return res;
}

#endif	/* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_find(  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp					/* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE c;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif

    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);			/* Rewind directory object */
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        return res;
    }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* On the exFAT volume */
        BYTE nc;
        UINT di, ni;
        WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf);		/* Hash value of the name to find */

        while ((res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp)) == FR_OK) {	/* Read an item */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 255
            if (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] > FF_MAX_LFN) {
                continue;    /* Skip comparison if inaccessible object name */
            }
#endif
            if (ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash) {
                continue;    /* Skip comparison if hash mismatched */
            }
            for (nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++) {	/* Compare the name */
                if ((di % SZDIRE) == 0) {
                    di += 2;
                }
                if (ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni])) {
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni]) {
                break;    /* Name matched? */
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    ord = sum = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;	/* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif
    do {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            break;
        }
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];
        if (c == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE;    /* Reached to end of table */
            break;
        }
#if FF_USE_LFN		/* LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {	/* An entry without valid data */
            ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;	/* Reset LFN sequence */
        } else {
            if (a == AM_LFN) {			/* An LFN entry is found */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN)) {
                    if (c & LLEF) {		/* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = c;	/* LFN start order */
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;	/* Start offset of LFN */
                    }
                    /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                }
            } else {					/* An SFN entry is found */
                if (ord == 0 && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir)) {
                    break;    /* LFN matched? */
                }
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !memcmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) {
                    break;    /* SFN matched? */
                }
                ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;	/* Reset LFN sequence */
            }
        }
#else		/* Non LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !memcmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) {
            break;    /* Is it a valid entry? */
        }
#endif
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);	/* Next entry */
    } while (res == FR_OK);

    return res;
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_register(  /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
    DIR* dp						/* Target directory with object name to be created */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN		/* LFN configuration */
    UINT n, len, n_ent;
    BYTE sn[12], sum;


    if (dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)) {
        return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Check name validity */
    }
    for (len = 0; fs->lfnbuf[len]; len++) ;	/* Get lfn length */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* On the exFAT volume */
        n_ent = (len + 14) / 15 + 2;	/* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, n_ent);		/* Allocate directory entries */
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (n_ent - 1);	/* Set the allocated entry block offset */

        if (dp->obj.stat & 4) {			/* Has the directory been stretched by new allocation? */
            dp->obj.stat &= ~4;
            res = fill_first_frag(&dp->obj);	/* Fill the first fragment on the FAT if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }
            res = fill_last_frag(&dp->obj, dp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);	/* Fill the last fragment on the FAT if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                return res;
            }
            if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {		/* Is it a sub-directory? */
                DIR dj;

                res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);	/* Load the object status */
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    return res;
                }
                dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);		/* Increase the directory size by cluster size */
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1;		/* Update the allocation status */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);				/* Store the object status */
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    return res;
                }
            }
        }

        create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf);	/* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
    memcpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);
    if (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) {			/* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN;		/* Find only SFN */
        for (n = 1; n < 100; n++) {
            gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n);	/* Generate a numbered name */
            res = dir_find(dp);				/* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (n == 100) {
            return FR_DENIED;    /* Abort if too many collisions */
        }
        if (res != FR_NO_FILE) {
            return res;    /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
        }
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
    }

    /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
    n_ent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (len + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1;	/* Number of entries to allocate */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, n_ent);		/* Allocate entries */
    if (res == FR_OK && --n_ent) {	/* Set LFN entry if needed */
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - n_ent * SZDIRE);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn);	/* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */
            do {					/* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }
                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)n_ent, sum);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);	/* Next entry */
            } while (res == FR_OK && --n_ent);
        }
    }

#else	/* Non LFN configuration */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, 1);		/* Allocate an entry for SFN */

#endif

    /* Set SFN entry */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            memset(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);	/* Clean the entry */
            memcpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11);	/* Put SFN */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT);	/* Put NT flag */
#endif
            fs->wflag = 1;
        }
    }

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT dir_remove(  /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
    DIR* dp					/* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN		/* LFN configuration */
    DWORD last = dp->dptr;

    res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);	/* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* On the exFAT volume */
                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F;	/* Clear the entry InUse flag. */
            } else {										/* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;	/* Mark the entry 'deleted'. */
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            if (dp->dptr >= last) {
                break;    /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
            }
            res = dir_next(dp, 0);	/* Next entry */
        } while (res == FR_OK);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_INT_ERR;
        }
    }
#else			/* Non LFN configuration */

    res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;	/* Mark the entry 'deleted'.*/
        fs->wflag = 1;
    }
#endif

    return res;
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static void get_fileinfo(
    DIR* dp,			/* Pointer to the directory object */
    FILINFO* fno		/* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
) {
    UINT si, di;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE lcf;
    WCHAR wc, hs;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    UINT nw;
#else
    TCHAR c;
#endif


    fno->fname[0] = 0;			/* Invaidate file info */
    if (dp->sect == 0) {
        return;    /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */
    }

#if FF_USE_LFN		/* LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* exFAT volume */
        UINT nc = 0;

        si = SZDIRE * 2; di = 0;	/* 1st C1 entry in the entry block */
        hs = 0;
        while (nc < fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName]) {
            if (si >= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {	/* Truncated directory block? */
                di = 0; break;
            }
            if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0) {
                si += 2;    /* Skip entry type field */
            }
            wc = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + si); si += 2; nc++;	/* Get a character */
            if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {	/* Is it a surrogate? */
                hs = wc; continue;				/* Get low surrogate */
            }
            nw = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di);	/* Store it in API encoding */
            if (nw == 0) {						/* Buffer overflow or wrong char? */
                di = 0; break;
            }
            di += nw;
            hs = 0;
        }
        if (hs != 0) {
            di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
        }
        if (di == 0) {
            fno->fname[di++] = '\?';    /* Inaccessible object name? */
        }
        fno->fname[di] = 0;						/* Terminate the name */
        fno->altname[0] = 0;					/* exFAT does not support SFN */

        fno->fattrib = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASKX;		/* Attribute */
        fno->fsize = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);	/* Size */
        fno->ftime = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime + 0);	/* Time */
        fno->fdate = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime + 2);	/* Date */
        return;
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* FAT/FAT32 volume */
        if (dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF) {	/* Get LFN if available */
            si = di = 0;
            hs = 0;
            while (fs->lfnbuf[si] != 0) {
                wc = fs->lfnbuf[si++];		/* Get an LFN character (UTF-16) */
                if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {	/* Is it a surrogate? */
                    hs = wc; continue;		/* Get low surrogate */
                }
                nw = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di);	/* Store it in API encoding */
                if (nw == 0) {				/* Buffer overflow or wrong char? */
                    di = 0; break;
                }
                di += nw;
                hs = 0;
            }
            if (hs != 0) {
                di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            }
            fno->fname[di] = 0;		/* Terminate the LFN (null string means LFN is invalid) */
        }
    }

    si = di = 0;
    while (si < 11) {		/* Get SFN from SFN entry */
        wc = dp->dir[si++];			/* Get a char */
        if (wc == ' ') {
            continue;    /* Skip padding spaces */
        }
        if (wc == RDDEM) {
            wc = DDEM;    /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        }
        if (si == 9 && di < FF_SFN_BUF) {
            fno->altname[di++] = '.';    /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        }
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1	/* Unicode output */
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si != 8 && si != 11 && dbc_2nd(dp->dir[si])) {	/* Make a DBC if needed */
            wc = wc << 8 | dp->dir[si++];
        }
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);		/* ANSI/OEM -> Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) {				/* Wrong char in the current code page? */
            di = 0; break;
        }
        nw = put_utf(wc, &fno->altname[di], FF_SFN_BUF - di);	/* Store it in API encoding */
        if (nw == 0) {				/* Buffer overflow? */
            di = 0; break;
        }
        di += nw;
#else					/* ANSI/OEM output */
        fno->altname[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;	/* Store it without any conversion */
#endif
    }
    fno->altname[di] = 0;	/* Terminate the SFN  (null string means SFN is invalid) */

    if (fno->fname[0] == 0) {	/* If LFN is invalid, altname[] needs to be copied to fname[] */
        if (di == 0) {	/* If LFN and SFN both are invalid, this object is inaccessible */
            fno->fname[di++] = '\?';
        } else {
            for (si = di = 0, lcf = NS_BODY; fno->altname[si]; si++, di++) {	/* Copy altname[] to fname[] with case information */
                wc = (WCHAR)fno->altname[si];
                if (wc == '.') {
                    lcf = NS_EXT;
                }
                if (IsUpper(wc) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & lcf)) {
                    wc += 0x20;
                }
                fno->fname[di] = (TCHAR)wc;
            }
        }
        fno->fname[di] = 0;	/* Terminate the LFN */
        if (!dp->dir[DIR_NTres]) {
            fno->altname[0] = 0;    /* Altname is not needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
        }
    }

#else	/* Non-LFN configuration */
    si = di = 0;
    while (si < 11) {		/* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[si++];
        if (c == ' ') {
            continue;    /* Skip padding spaces */
        }
        if (c == RDDEM) {
            c = DDEM;    /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        }
        if (si == 9) {
            fno->fname[di++] = '.';    /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        }
        fno->fname[di++] = c;
    }
    fno->fname[di] = 0;		/* Terminate the SFN */
#endif

    fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;			/* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize);		/* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 0);	/* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 2);	/* Date */
}

#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */



#if FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define FIND_RECURS	4	/* Maximum number of wildcard terms in the pattern to limit recursion */


static DWORD get_achar(  /* Get a character and advance ptr */
    const TCHAR** ptr		/* Pointer to pointer to the ANSI/OEM or Unicode string */
) {
    DWORD chr;


#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1	/* Unicode input */
    chr = tchar2uni(ptr);
    if (chr == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
        chr = 0;    /* Wrong UTF encoding is recognized as end of the string */
    }
    chr = ff_wtoupper(chr);

#else									/* ANSI/OEM input */
    chr = (BYTE) * (*ptr)++;				/* Get a byte */
    if (IsLower(chr)) {
        chr -= 0x20;    /* To upper ASCII char */
    }
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
    if (ExCvt && chr >= 0x80) {
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];    /* To upper SBCS extended char */
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
    if (chr >= 0x80) {
        chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];    /* To upper SBCS extended char */
    }
#endif
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 || FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900
    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)chr)) {	/* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
        chr = dbc_2nd((BYTE)**ptr) ? chr << 8 | (BYTE) * (*ptr)++ : 0;
    }
#endif

#endif
    return chr;
}


static int pattern_match(  /* 0:mismatched, 1:matched */
    const TCHAR* pat,	/* Matching pattern */
    const TCHAR* nam,	/* String to be tested */
    UINT skip,			/* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s, b8:infinite (* specified)) */
    UINT recur			/* Recursion count */
) {
    const TCHAR *pptr;
    const TCHAR *nptr;
    DWORD pchr, nchr;
    UINT sk;


    while ((skip & 0xFF) != 0) {		/* Pre-skip name chars */
        if (!get_achar(&nam)) {
            return 0;    /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
        }
        skip--;
    }
    if (*pat == 0 && skip) {
        return 1;    /* Matched? (short circuit) */
    }

    do {
        pptr = pat; nptr = nam;			/* Top of pattern and name to match */
        for (;;) {
            if (*pptr == '\?' || *pptr == '*') {	/* Wildcard term? */
                if (recur == 0) {
                    return 0;    /* Too many wildcard terms? */
                }
                sk = 0;
                do {	/* Analyze the wildcard term */
                    if (*pptr++ == '\?') {
                        sk++;
                    } else {
                        sk |= 0x100;
                    }
                } while (*pptr == '\?' || *pptr == '*');
                if (pattern_match(pptr, nptr, sk, recur - 1)) {
                    return 1;    /* Test new branch (recursive call) */
                }
                nchr = *nptr; break;	/* Branch mismatched */
            }
            pchr = get_achar(&pptr);	/* Get a pattern char */
            nchr = get_achar(&nptr);	/* Get a name char */
            if (pchr != nchr) {
                break;    /* Branch mismatched? */
            }
            if (pchr == 0) {
                return 1;    /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
            }
        }
        get_achar(&nam);			/* nam++ */
    } while (skip && nchr);		/* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */

    return 0;
}

#endif /* FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT create_name(  /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
    DIR* dp,					/* Pointer to the directory object */
    const TCHAR** path			/* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
) {
#if FF_USE_LFN		/* LFN configuration */
    BYTE b, cf;
    WCHAR wc;
    WCHAR *lfn;
    const TCHAR* p;
    DWORD uc;
    UINT i, ni, si, di;


    /* Create LFN into LFN working buffer */
    p = *path; lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf; di = 0;
    for (;;) {
        uc = tchar2uni(&p);			/* Get a character */
        if (uc == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Invalid code or UTF decode error */
        }
        if (uc >= 0x10000) {
            lfn[di++] = (WCHAR)(uc >> 16);    /* Store high surrogate if needed */
        }
        wc = (WCHAR)uc;
        if (wc < ' ' || IsSeparator(wc)) {
            break;    /* Break if end of the path or a separator is found */
        }
        if (wc < 0x80 && strchr("*:<>|\"\?\x7F", (int)wc)) {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
        }
        if (di >= FF_MAX_LFN) {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject too long name */
        }
        lfn[di++] = wc;				/* Store the Unicode character */
    }
    if (wc < ' ') {				/* Stopped at end of the path? */
        cf = NS_LAST;			/* Last segment */
    } else {					/* Stopped at a separator */
        while (IsSeparator(*p)) {
            p++;    /* Skip duplicated separators if exist */
        }
        cf = 0;					/* Next segment may follow */
        if (IsTerminator(*p)) {
            cf = NS_LAST;    /* Ignore terminating separator */
        }
    }
    *path = p;					/* Return pointer to the next segment */

#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
            (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) {	/* Is this segment a dot name? */
        lfn[di] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {	/* Create dot name for SFN entry */
            dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
        }
        dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT;	/* This is a dot entry */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    while (di) {					/* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
        wc = lfn[di - 1];
        if (wc != ' ' && wc != '.') {
            break;
        }
        di--;
    }
    lfn[di] = 0;							/* LFN is created into the working buffer */
    if (di == 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject null name */
    }

    /* Create SFN in directory form */
    for (si = 0; lfn[si] == ' '; si++) ;	/* Remove leading spaces */
    if (si > 0 || lfn[si] == '.') {
        cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;    /* Is there any leading space or dot? */
    }
    while (di > 0 && lfn[di - 1] != '.') {
        di--;    /* Find last dot (di<=si: no extension) */
    }

    memset(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
    i = b = 0; ni = 8;
    for (;;) {
        wc = lfn[si++];					/* Get an LFN character */
        if (wc == 0) {
            break;    /* Break on end of the LFN */
        }
        if (wc == ' ' || (wc == '.' && si != di)) {	/* Remove embedded spaces and dots */
            cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
            continue;
        }

        if (i >= ni || si == di) {		/* End of field? */
            if (ni == 11) {				/* Name extension overflow? */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                break;
            }
            if (si != di) {
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;    /* Name body overflow? */
            }
            if (si > di) {
                break;    /* No name extension? */
            }
            si = di; i = 8; ni = 11; b <<= 2;		/* Enter name extension */
            continue;
        }

        if (wc >= 0x80) {	/* Is this an extended character? */
            cf |= NS_LFN;	/* LFN entry needs to be created */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
            if (ExCvt) {	/* In SBCS cfg */
                wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);			/* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
                if (wc & 0x80) {
                    wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];    /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
                }
            } else {		/* In DBCS cfg */
                wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE);	/* Unicode ==> Up-convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900	/* In SBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);			/* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            if (wc & 0x80) {
                wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];    /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
            }
#else						/* In DBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE);	/* Unicode ==> Up-convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
#endif
        }

        if (wc >= 0x100) {				/* Is this a DBC? */
            if (i >= ni - 1) {			/* Field overflow? */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                i = ni; continue;		/* Next field */
            }
            dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);	/* Put 1st byte */
        } else {						/* SBC */
            if (wc == 0 || strchr("+,;=[]", (int)wc)) {	/* Replace illegal characters for SFN */
                wc = '_'; cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;/* Lossy conversion */
            } else {
                if (IsUpper(wc)) {		/* ASCII upper case? */
                    b |= 2;
                }
                if (IsLower(wc)) {		/* ASCII lower case? */
                    b |= 1; wc -= 0x20;
                }
            }
        }
        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
    }

    if (dp->fn[0] == DDEM) {
        dp->fn[0] = RDDEM;    /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    }

    if (ni == 8) {
        b <<= 2;    /* Shift capital flags if no extension */
    }
    if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03) {
        cf |= NS_LFN;    /* LFN entry needs to be created if composite capitals */
    }
    if (!(cf & NS_LFN)) {				/* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
        if (b & 0x01) {
            cf |= NS_EXT;    /* NT flag (Extension has small capital letters only) */
        }
        if (b & 0x04) {
            cf |= NS_BODY;    /* NT flag (Body has small capital letters only) */
        }
    }

    dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf;	/* SFN is created into dp->fn[] */

    return FR_OK;


#else	/* FF_USE_LFN : Non-LFN configuration */
    BYTE c, d;
    BYTE *sfn;
    UINT ni, si, i;
    const char *p;

    /* Create file name in directory form */
    p = *path; sfn = dp->fn;
    memset(sfn, ' ', 11);
    si = i = 0; ni = 8;
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (p[si] == '.') { /* Is this a dot entry? */
        for (;;) {
            c = (BYTE)p[si++];
            if (c != '.' || si >= 3) {
                break;
            }
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
        if (!IsSeparator(c) && c > ' ') {
            return FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }
        *path = p + si;					/* Return pointer to the next segment */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT;	/* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    for (;;) {
        c = (BYTE)p[si++];				/* Get a byte */
        if (c <= ' ') {
            break;    /* Break if end of the path name */
        }
        if (IsSeparator(c)) {			/* Break if a separator is found */
            while (IsSeparator(p[si])) {
                si++;    /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            }
            break;
        }
        if (c == '.' || i >= ni) {		/* End of body or field overflow? */
            if (ni == 11 || c != '.') {
                return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Field overflow or invalid dot? */
            }
            i = 8; ni = 11;				/* Enter file extension field */
            continue;
        }
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
        if (ExCvt && c >= 0x80) {		/* Is SBC extended character? */
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];		/* To upper SBC extended character */
        }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
        if (c >= 0x80) {				/* Is SBC extended character? */
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];		/* To upper SBC extended character */
        }
#endif
        if (dbc_1st(c)) {				/* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte */
            d = (BYTE)p[si++];			/* Get 2nd byte */
            if (!dbc_2nd(d) || i >= ni - 1) {
                return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject invalid DBC */
            }
            sfn[i++] = c;
            sfn[i++] = d;
        } else {						/* SBC */
            if (strchr("*+,:;<=>[]|\"\?\x7F", (int)c)) {
                return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
            }
            if (IsLower(c)) {
                c -= 0x20;    /* To upper */
            }
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
    }
    *path = &p[si];						/* Return pointer to the next segment */
    if (i == 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject nul string */
    }

    if (sfn[0] == DDEM) {
        sfn[0] = RDDEM;    /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    }
    sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ' || p[si] <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0;	/* Set last segment flag if end of the path */

    return FR_OK;
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT follow_path(  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
    DIR* dp,					/* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
    const TCHAR* path			/* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    BYTE ns;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;


#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (!IsSeparator(*path) && (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID != 2 || !IsTerminator(*path))) {	/* Without heading separator */
        dp->obj.sclust = fs->cdir;			/* Start at the current directory */
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* With heading separator */
        while (IsSeparator(*path)) {
            path++;    /* Strip separators */
        }
        dp->obj.sclust = 0;					/* Start from the root directory */
    }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0;	/* Invalidate last fragment counter of the object */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && dp->obj.sclust) {	/* exFAT: Retrieve the sub-directory's status */
        DIR dj;

        dp->obj.c_scl = fs->cdc_scl;
        dp->obj.c_size = fs->cdc_size;
        dp->obj.c_ofs = fs->cdc_ofs;
        res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            return res;
        }
        dp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
        dp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
    }
#endif
#endif

    if ((UINT)*path < ' ') {				/* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);

    } else {								/* Follow path */
        for (;;) {
            res = create_name(dp, &path);	/* Get a segment name of the path */
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                break;
            }
            res = dir_find(dp);				/* Find an object with the segment name */
            ns = dp->fn[NSFLAG];
            if (res != FR_OK) {				/* Failed to find the object */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {	/* Object is not found */
                    if (FF_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT)) {	/* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) {
                            continue;    /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                        }
                        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                        res = FR_OK;
                    } else {							/* Could not find the object */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) {
                            res = FR_NO_PATH;    /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            if (ns & NS_LAST) {
                break;    /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
            }
            /* Get into the sub-directory */
            if (!(dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR)) {	/* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
                res = FR_NO_PATH; break;
            }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* Save containing directory information for next dir */
                dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust;
                dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj);	/* Open next directory */
            } else
#endif
            {
                dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs));	/* Open next directory */
            }
        }
    }

    return res;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static int get_ldnumber(  /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive number or null pointer) */
    const TCHAR** path		/* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
) {
    const TCHAR *tp;
    const TCHAR *tt;
    TCHAR tc;
    int i;
    int vol = -1;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID		/* Find string volume ID */
    const char *sp;
    char c;
#endif

    tt = tp = *path;
    if (!tp) {
        return vol;    /* Invalid path name? */
    }
    do {					/* Find a colon in the path */
        tc = *tt++;
    } while (!IsTerminator(tc) && tc != ':');

    if (tc == ':') {	/* DOS/Windows style volume ID? */
        i = FF_VOLUMES;
        if (IsDigit(*tp) && tp + 2 == tt) {	/* Is there a numeric volume ID + colon? */
            i = (int) * tp - '0';	/* Get the LD number */
        }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1	/* Arbitrary string is enabled */
        else {
            i = 0;
            do {
                sp = VolumeStr[i]; tp = *path;	/* This string volume ID and path name */
                do {	/* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                    c = *sp++; tc = *tp++;
                    if (IsLower(c)) {
                        c -= 0x20;
                    }
                    if (IsLower(tc)) {
                        tc -= 0x20;
                    }
                } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
            } while ((c || tp != tt) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES);	/* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
        }
#endif
        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {	/* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
            vol = i;		/* Drive number */
            *path = tt;		/* Snip the drive prefix off */
        }
        return vol;
    }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2		/* Unix style volume ID is enabled */
    if (*tp == '/') {			/* Is there a volume ID? */
        while (*(tp + 1) == '/') {
            tp++;    /* Skip duplicated separator */
        }
        i = 0;
        do {
            tt = tp; sp = VolumeStr[i]; /* Path name and this string volume ID */
            do {	/* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                c = *sp++; tc = *(++tt);
                if (IsLower(c)) {
                    c -= 0x20;
                }
                if (IsLower(tc)) {
                    tc -= 0x20;
                }
            } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
        } while ((c || (tc != '/' && !IsTerminator(tc))) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES);	/* Repeat for each ID until pattern match */
        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {	/* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
            vol = i;		/* Drive number */
            *path = tt;		/* Snip the drive prefix off */
        }
        return vol;
    }
#endif
    /* No drive prefix is found */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    vol = CurrVol;	/* Default drive is current drive */
#else
    vol = 0;		/* Default drive is 0 */
#endif
    return vol;		/* Return the default drive */
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* GPT support functions                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#if FF_LBA64

/* Calculate CRC32 in byte-by-byte */

static DWORD crc32(  /* Returns next CRC value */
    DWORD crc,			/* Current CRC value */
    BYTE d				/* A byte to be processed */
) {
    BYTE b;


    for (b = 1; b; b <<= 1) {
        crc ^= (d & b) ? 1 : 0;
        crc = (crc & 1) ? crc >> 1 ^ 0xEDB88320 : crc >> 1;
    }
    return crc;
}


/* Check validity of GPT header */

static int test_gpt_header(  /* 0:Invalid, 1:Valid */
    const BYTE* gpth			/* Pointer to the GPT header */
) {
    UINT i;
    DWORD bcc, hlen;


    if (memcmp(gpth + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART" "\0\0\1", 12)) {
        return 0;    /* Check signature and version (1.0) */
    }
    hlen = ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Size);						/* Check header size */
    if (hlen < 92 || hlen > FF_MIN_SS) {
        return 0;
    }
    for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < hlen; i++) {			/* Check header BCC */
        bcc = crc32(bcc, i - GPTH_Bcc < 4 ? 0 : gpth[i]);
    }
    if (~bcc != ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Bcc)) {
        return 0;
    }
    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PteSize) != SZ_GPTE) {
        return 0;    /* Table entry size (must be SZ_GPTE bytes) */
    }
    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PtNum) > 128) {
        return 0;    /* Table size (must be 128 entries or less) */
    }

    return 1;
}

#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS

/* Generate random value */
static DWORD make_rand(
    DWORD seed,		/* Seed value */
    BYTE *buff,		/* Output buffer */
    UINT n			/* Data length */
) {
    UINT r;


    if (seed == 0) {
        seed = 1;
    }
    do {
        for (r = 0; r < 8; r++) {
            seed = seed & 1 ? seed >> 1 ^ 0xA3000000 : seed >> 1;    /* Shift 8 bits the 32-bit LFSR */
        }
        *buff++ = (BYTE)seed;
    } while (--n);
    return seed;
}

#endif
#endif



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT VBR                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Check what the sector is */

static UINT check_fs(  /* 0:FAT/FAT32 VBR, 1:exFAT VBR, 2:Not FAT and valid BS, 3:Not FAT and invalid BS, 4:Disk error */
    FATFS* fs,			/* Filesystem object */
    LBA_t sect			/* Sector to load and check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
) {
    WORD w, sign;
    BYTE b;


    fs->wflag = 0; fs->winsect = (LBA_t)0 - 1;		/* Invaidate window */
    if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) {
        return 4;    /* Load the boot sector */
    }
    sign = ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA);
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (sign == 0xAA55 && !memcmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11)) {
        return 1;    /* It is an exFAT VBR */
    }
#endif
    b = fs->win[BS_JmpBoot];
    if (b == 0xEB || b == 0xE9 || b == 0xE8) {	/* Valid JumpBoot code? (short jump, near jump or near call) */
        if (sign == 0xAA55 && !memcmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32, "FAT32   ", 8)) {
            return 0;	/* It is an FAT32 VBR */
        }
        /* FAT volumes formatted with early MS-DOS lack BS_55AA and BS_FilSysType, so FAT VBR needs to be identified without them. */
        w = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec);
        b = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];
        if ((w & (w - 1)) == 0 && w >= FF_MIN_SS && w <= FF_MAX_SS	/* Properness of sector size (512-4096 and 2^n) */
                && b != 0 && (b & (b - 1)) == 0				/* Properness of cluster size (2^n) */
                && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt) != 0	/* Properness of reserved sectors (MNBZ) */
                && (UINT)fs->win[BPB_NumFATs] - 1 <= 1		/* Properness of FATs (1 or 2) */
                && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt) != 0	/* Properness of root dir entries (MNBZ) */
                && (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16) >= 128 || ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32) >= 0x10000)	/* Properness of volume sectors (>=128) */
                && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16) != 0) {	/* Properness of FAT size (MNBZ) */
            return 0;	/* It can be presumed an FAT VBR */
        }
    }
    return sign == 0xAA55 ? 2 : 3;	/* Not an FAT VBR (valid or invalid BS) */
}


/* Find an FAT volume */
/* (It supports only generic partitioning rules, MBR, GPT and SFD) */

static UINT find_volume(  /* Returns BS status found in the hosting drive */
    FATFS* fs,		/* Filesystem object */
    UINT part		/* Partition to fined = 0:find as SFD and partitions, >0:forced partition number */
) {
    UINT fmt, i;
    DWORD mbr_pt[4];


    fmt = check_fs(fs, 0);				/* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT VBR as SFD format */
    if (fmt != 2 && (fmt >= 3 || part == 0)) {
        return fmt;    /* Returns if it is an FAT VBR as auto scan, not a BS or disk error */
    }

    /* Sector 0 is not an FAT VBR or forced partition number wants a partition */

#if FF_LBA64
    if (fs->win[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) {	/* GPT protective MBR? */
        DWORD n_ent, v_ent, ofs;
        QWORD pt_lba;

        if (move_window(fs, 1) != FR_OK) {
            return 4;    /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
        }
        if (!test_gpt_header(fs->win)) {
            return 3;    /* Check if GPT header is valid */
        }
        n_ent = ld_dword(fs->win + GPTH_PtNum);		/* Number of entries */
        pt_lba = ld_qword(fs->win + GPTH_PtOfs);	/* Table location */
        for (v_ent = i = 0; i < n_ent; i++) {		/* Find FAT partition */
            if (move_window(fs, pt_lba + i * SZ_GPTE / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) {
                return 4;    /* PT sector */
            }
            ofs = i * SZ_GPTE % SS(fs);												/* Offset in the sector */
            if (!memcmp(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16)) {	/* MS basic data partition? */
                v_ent++;
                fmt = check_fs(fs, ld_qword(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_FstLba));	/* Load VBR and check status */
                if (part == 0 && fmt <= 1) {
                    return fmt;    /* Auto search (valid FAT volume found first) */
                }
                if (part != 0 && v_ent == part) {
                    return fmt;    /* Forced partition order (regardless of it is valid or not) */
                }
            }
        }
        return 3;	/* Not found */
    }
#endif
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && part > 4) {
        return 3;    /* MBR has 4 partitions max */
    }
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {		/* Load partition offset in the MBR */
        mbr_pt[i] = ld_dword(fs->win + MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE + PTE_StLba);
    }
    i = part ? part - 1 : 0;		/* Table index to find first */
    do {							/* Find an FAT volume */
        fmt = mbr_pt[i] ? check_fs(fs, mbr_pt[i]) : 3;	/* Check if the partition is FAT */
    } while (part == 0 && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);
    return fmt;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Determine logical drive number and mount the volume if needed         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT mount_volume(  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: an error occurred */
    const TCHAR** path,			/* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
    FATFS** rfs,				/* Pointer to pointer to the found filesystem object */
    BYTE mode					/* Desiered access mode to check write protection */
) {
    int vol;
    FATFS *fs;
    DSTATUS stat;
    LBA_t bsect;
    DWORD tsect, sysect, fasize, nclst, szbfat;
    WORD nrsv;
    UINT fmt;


    /* Get logical drive number */
    *rfs = 0;
    vol = get_ldnumber(path);
    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }

    /* Check if the filesystem object is valid or not */
    fs = FatFs[vol];					/* Get pointer to the filesystem object */
    if (!fs) {
        return FR_NOT_ENABLED;    /* Is the filesystem object available? */
    }
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
    if (!lock_volume(fs, 1)) {
        return FR_TIMEOUT;    /* Lock the volume, and system if needed */
    }
#endif
    *rfs = fs;							/* Return pointer to the filesystem object */

    mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ;				/* Desired access mode, write access or not */
    if (fs->fs_type != 0) {				/* If the volume has been mounted */
        stat = disk_status(fs->pdrv);
        if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {		/* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
            if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) {	/* Check write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
            }
            return FR_OK;				/* The filesystem object is already valid */
        }
    }

    /* The filesystem object is not valid. */
    /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (find an FAT volume, analyze the BPB and initialize the filesystem object) */

    fs->fs_type = 0;					/* Invalidate the filesystem object */
    stat = disk_initialize(fs->pdrv);	/* Initialize the volume hosting physical drive */
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) { 			/* Check if the initialization succeeded */
        return FR_NOT_READY;			/* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
    }
    if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) { /* Check disk write protection if needed */
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS				/* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */
    if (disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }
    if (SS(fs) > FF_MAX_SS || SS(fs) < FF_MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1))) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }
#endif

    /* Find an FAT volume on the hosting drive */
    fmt = find_volume(fs, LD2PT(vol));
    if (fmt == 4) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* An error occurred in the disk I/O layer */
    }
    if (fmt >= 2) {
        return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* No FAT volume is found */
    }
    bsect = fs->winsect;					/* Volume offset in the hosting physical drive */

    /* An FAT volume is found (bsect). Following code initializes the filesystem object */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fmt == 1) {
        QWORD maxlba;
        DWORD so, cv, bcl, i;

        for (i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++) ;	/* Check zero filler */
        if (i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* Check exFAT version (must be version 1.0) */
        }

        if (1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs)) {	/* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect;	/* Last LBA of the volume + 1 */
        if (!FF_LBA64 && maxlba >= 0x100000000) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (It cannot be accessed in 32-bit LBA) */
        }

        fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx);	/* Number of sectors per FAT */

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx];			/* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */
        }

        fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx];		/* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0)	{
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be 1..32768 sectors) */
        }

        nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx);		/* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst > MAX_EXFAT) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Too many clusters) */
        }
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->volbase = bsect;
        fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
        fs->fatbase = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);
        if (maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size required) */
        }
        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);

        /* Get bitmap location and check if it is contiguous (implementation assumption) */
        so = i = 0;
        for (;;) {	/* Find the bitmap entry in the root directory (in only first cluster) */
            if (i == 0) {
                if (so >= fs->csize) {
                    return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* Not found? */
                }
                if (move_window(fs, clst2sect(fs, (DWORD)fs->dirbase) + so) != FR_OK) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
                so++;
            }
            if (fs->win[i] == ET_BITMAP) {
                break;    /* Is it a bitmap entry? */
            }
            i = (i + SZDIRE) % SS(fs);	/* Next entry */
        }
        bcl = ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20);				/* Bitmap cluster */
        if (bcl < 2 || bcl >= fs->n_fatent) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Wrong cluster#) */
        }
        fs->bitbase = fs->database + fs->csize * (bcl - 2);	/* Bitmap sector */
        for (;;) {	/* Check if bitmap is contiguous */
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + bcl / (SS(fs) / 4)) != FR_OK) {
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            cv = ld_dword(fs->win + bcl % (SS(fs) / 4) * 4);
            if (cv == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                break;    /* Last link? */
            }
            if (cv != ++bcl) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* Fragmented bitmap? */
            }
        }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;		/* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
        fmt = FS_EXFAT;			/* FAT sub-type */
    } else
#endif	/* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {
        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs)) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */
        }

        fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16);		/* Number of sectors per FAT */
        if (fasize == 0) {
            fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
        }
        fs->fsize = fasize;

        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs];				/* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
        }
        fasize *= fs->n_fats;							/* Number of sectors for FAT area */

        fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];			/* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1))) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be power of 2) */
        }

        fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt);	/* Number of root directory entries */
        if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE)) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be sector aligned) */
        }

        tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16);		/* Number of sectors on the volume */
        if (tsect == 0) {
            tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);
        }

        nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt);		/* Number of reserved sectors */
        if (nrsv == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must not be 0) */
        }

        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
        sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE);	/* RSV + FAT + DIR */
        if (tsect < sysect) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Invalid volume size) */
        }
        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize;			/* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Invalid volume size) */
        }
        fmt = 0;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT32) {
            fmt = FS_FAT32;
        }
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT16) {
            fmt = FS_FAT16;
        }
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT12) {
            fmt = FS_FAT12;
        }
        if (fmt == 0) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }

        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;						/* Number of FAT entries */
        fs->volbase = bsect;							/* Volume start sector */
        fs->fatbase = bsect + nrsv; 					/* FAT start sector */
        fs->database = bsect + sysect;					/* Data start sector */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
            }
            if (fs->n_rootdir != 0) {
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
            }
            fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32);	/* Root directory start cluster */
            szbfat = fs->n_fatent * 4;					/* (Needed FAT size) */
        } else {
            if (fs->n_rootdir == 0)	{
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
            }
            fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize;			/* Root directory start sector */
            szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?				/* (Needed FAT size) */
                     fs->n_fatent * 2 : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }
        if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs)) {
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */
        }

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        /* Get FSInfo if available */
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;		/* Initialize cluster allocation information */
        fs->fsi_flag = 0x80;
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32				/* Allow to update FSInfo only if BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
                && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1
                && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK) {
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55	/* Load FSInfo data if available */
                    && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252
                    && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272) {
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
            }
        }
#endif	/* (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif	/* !FF_FS_READONLY */
    }

    fs->fs_type = (BYTE)fmt;/* FAT sub-type (the filesystem object gets valid) */
    fs->id = ++Fsid;		/* Volume mount ID */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
    fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf;	/* Static LFN working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    fs->dirbuf = DirBuf;	/* Static directory block scratchpad buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    fs->cdir = 0;			/* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if FF_FS_LOCK				/* Clear file lock semaphores */
    clear_share(fs);
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static FRESULT validate(  /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
    FFOBJID* obj,			/* Pointer to the FFOBJID, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR structure, to check validity */
    FATFS** rfs				/* Pointer to pointer to the owner filesystem object to return */
) {
    FRESULT res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;


    if (obj && obj->fs && obj->fs->fs_type && obj->id == obj->fs->id) {	/* Test if the object is valid */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        if (lock_volume(obj->fs, 0)) {	/* Take a grant to access the volume */
            if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the hosting phsical drive is kept initialized */
                res = FR_OK;
            } else {
                unlock_volume(obj->fs, FR_OK);	/* Invalidated volume, abort to access */
            }
        } else {	/* Could not take */
            res = FR_TIMEOUT;
        }
#else
        if (!(disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the hosting phsical drive is kept initialized */
            res = FR_OK;
        }
#endif
    }
    *rfs = (res == FR_OK) ? obj->fs : 0;	/* Return corresponding filesystem object if it is valid */
    return res;
}




/*  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Public Functions (FatFs API)

    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mount(
    FATFS* fs,			/* Pointer to the filesystem object to be registered (NULL:unmount)*/
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
    BYTE opt			/* Mount option: 0=Do not mount (delayed mount), 1=Mount immediately */
) {
    FATFS *cfs;
    int vol;
    FRESULT res;
    const TCHAR *rp = path;


    /* Get volume ID (logical drive number) */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);
    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }
    cfs = FatFs[vol];			/* Pointer to the filesystem object of the volume */

    if (cfs) {					/* Unregister current filesystem object if regsitered */
        FatFs[vol] = 0;
#if FF_FS_LOCK
        clear_share(cfs);
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT				/* Discard mutex of the current volume */
        ff_mutex_delete(vol);
#endif
        cfs->fs_type = 0;		/* Invalidate the filesystem object to be unregistered */
    }

    if (fs) {					/* Register new filesystem object */
        fs->pdrv = LD2PD(vol);	/* Volume hosting physical drive */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT				/* Create a volume mutex */
        fs->ldrv = (BYTE)vol;	/* Owner volume ID */
        if (!ff_mutex_create(vol)) {
            return FR_INT_ERR;
        }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
        if (SysLock == 0) {		/* Create a system mutex if needed */
            if (!ff_mutex_create(FF_VOLUMES)) {
                ff_mutex_delete(vol);
                return FR_INT_ERR;
            }
            SysLock = 1;		/* System mutex is ready */
        }
#endif
#endif
        fs->fs_type = 0;		/* Invalidate the new filesystem object */
        FatFs[vol] = fs;		/* Register new fs object */
    }

    if (opt == 0) {
        return FR_OK;    /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted in subsequent file functions */
    }

    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);	/* Force mounted the volume */
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_open(
    FIL* fp,			/* Pointer to the blank file object */
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Pointer to the file name */
    BYTE mode			/* Access mode and open mode flags */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    DWORD cl, bcs, clst, tm;
    LBA_t sc;
    FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF


    if (!fp) {
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }

    /* Get logical drive number */
    mode &= FF_FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND;
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, mode);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);	/* Follow the file path */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY	/* Read/Write configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {	/* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
            else {
                res = chk_share(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);	/* Check if the file can be used */
            }
#endif
        }
        /* Create or Open a file */
        if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
            if (res != FR_OK) {					/* No file, create new */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {		/* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                    res = enq_share() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                    res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                }
                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;		/* File is created */
            } else {								/* Any object with the same name is already existing */
                if (dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) {	/* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                    res = FR_DENIED;
                } else {
                    if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW) {
                        res = FR_EXIST;    /* Cannot create as new file */
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) {	/* Truncate the file if overwrite mode */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    /* Get current allocation info */
                    fp->obj.fs = fs;
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
                    /* Set directory entry block initial state */
                    memset(fs->dirbuf + 2, 0, 30);	/* Clear 85 entry except for NumSec */
                    memset(fs->dirbuf + 38, 0, 26);	/* Clear C0 entry except for NumName and NameHash */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME());
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                    if (res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust != 0) {	/* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1;		/* Reuse the cluster hole */
                    }
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* Set directory entry initial state */
                    tm = GET_FATTIME();					/* Set created time */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, tm);
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                    cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);			/* Get current cluster chain */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;			/* Reset attribute */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);			/* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    if (cl != 0) {						/* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        sc = fs->winsect;
                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sc);
                            fs->last_clst = cl - 1;		/* Reuse the cluster hole */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {	/* Open an existing file */
            if (res == FR_OK) {					/* Is the object exsiting? */
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {		/* File open against a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                } else {
                    if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)) { /* Write mode open against R/O file */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS) {
                mode |= FA_MODIFIED;    /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
            }
            fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect;			/* Pointer to the directory entry */
            fp->dir_ptr = dj.dir;
#if FF_FS_LOCK
            fp->obj.lockid = inc_share(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);	/* Lock the file for this session */
            if (fp->obj.lockid == 0) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            }
#endif
        }
#else		/* R/O configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {	/* Is it origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {		/* Is it a directory? */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                }
            }
        }
#endif

        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.c_scl = dj.obj.sclust;							/* Get containing directory info */
                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                fp->obj.c_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);					/* Get object allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
            }
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
            fp->cltbl = 0;		/* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
            fp->obj.fs = fs;	/* Validate the file object */
            fp->obj.id = fs->id;
            fp->flag = mode;	/* Set file access mode */
            fp->err = 0;		/* Clear error flag */
            fp->sect = 0;		/* Invalidate current data sector */
            fp->fptr = 0;		/* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            memset(fp->buf, 0, sizeof fp->buf);	/* Clear sector buffer */
#endif
            if ((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0) {	/* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;			/* Offset to seek */
                bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);	/* Cluster size in byte */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;				/* Follow the cluster chain */
                for (ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs) {
                    clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                    if (clst <= 1) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                    }
                }
                fp->clust = clst;
                if (res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs)) {	/* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                    sc = clst2sect(fs, clst);
                    if (sc == 0) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    } else {
                        fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                        if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                        }
#endif
                    }
                }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    dec_share(fp->obj.lockid);    /* Decrement file open counter if seek failed */
                }
#endif
            }
#endif
        }

        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    if (res != FR_OK) {
        fp->obj.fs = 0;    /* Invalidate file object on error */
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_read(
    FIL* fp, 	/* Open file to be read */
    void* buff,	/* Data buffer to store the read data */
    UINT btr,	/* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT* br	/* Number of bytes read */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, cc, csect;
    BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE*)buff;


    *br = 0;	/* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);				/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);    /* Check validity */
    }
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */
    }
    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btr > remain) {
        btr = (UINT)remain;    /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */
    }

    for (; btr > 0; btr -= rcnt, *br += rcnt, rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt) {	/* Repeat until btr bytes read */
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {			/* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));	/* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {					/* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {			/* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;		/* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else {						/* Middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);	/* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);	/* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst < 2) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->clust = clst;				/* Update current cluster */
            }
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);	/* Get current sector */
            if (sect == 0) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            }
            sect += csect;
            cc = btr / SS(fs);					/* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc > 0) {						/* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {	/* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2		/* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                    memcpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }
#else
                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                    memcpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }
#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc;				/* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->sect != sect) {			/* Load data sector if not in cache */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {		/* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                    if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
                if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Fill sector cache */
                }
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);	/* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btr) {
            rcnt = btr;    /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        }
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Move sector window */
        }
        memcpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);	/* Extract partial sector */
#else
        memcpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);	/* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_write(
    FIL* fp,			/* Open file to be written */
    const void* buff,	/* Data to be written */
    UINT btw,			/* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT* bw			/* Number of bytes written */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT wcnt, cc, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE*)buff;


    *bw = 0;	/* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);			/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);    /* Check validity */
    }
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */
    }

    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4 GiB at FAT volume) */
    if ((!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }

    for (; btw > 0; btw -= wcnt, *bw += wcnt, wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize) {	/* Repeat until all data written */
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {		/* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);	/* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {				/* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {		/* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;	/* Follow from the origin */
                    if (clst == 0) {		/* If no cluster is allocated, */
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);	/* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else {					/* On the middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);	/* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust);	/* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst == 0) {
                    break;    /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                }
                if (clst == 1) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->clust = clst;			/* Update current cluster */
                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0) {
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;    /* Set start cluster if the first write */
                }
            }
#if FF_FS_TINY
            if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Write-back sector cache */
            }
#else
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {		/* Write-back sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);	/* Get current sector */
            if (sect == 0) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            }
            sect += csect;
            cc = btw / SS(fs);				/* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc > 0) {					/* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {	/* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) {	/* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    memcpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }
#else
                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    memcpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc;		/* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) {	/* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fs->winsect = sect;
            }
#else
            if (fp->sect != sect && 		/* Fill sector cache with file data */
                    fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                    disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);	/* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (wcnt > btw) {
            wcnt = btw;    /* Clip it by btw if needed */
        }
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Move sector window */
        }
        memcpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);	/* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        memcpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);	/* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }

    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;				/* Set file change flag */

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_sync(
    FIL* fp		/* Open file to be synced */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD tm;
    BYTE *dir;


    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);	/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED) {	/* Is there any change to the file? */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {	/* Write-back cached data if needed */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            /* Update the directory entry */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();				/* Modified time */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = fill_first_frag(&fp->obj);	/* Fill first fragment on the FAT if needed */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);	/* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    DIR dj;
                    DEF_NAMBUF

                    INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                    res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &fp->obj);	/* Load directory entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;				/* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1;	/* Update file allocation information */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);		/* Update start cluster */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);		/* Update file size */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize);	/* (FatFs does not support Valid File Size feature) */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);		/* Update modified time */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                        res = store_xdir(&dj);	/* Restore it to the directory */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = sync_fs(fs);
                            fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                    }
                    FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                    dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;						/* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                    st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);		/* Update file allocation information  */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize);	/* Update file size */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);				/* Update modified time */
                    st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_fs(fs);					/* Restore it to the directory */
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_close(
    FIL* fp		/* Open file to be closed */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;

#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    res = f_sync(fp);					/* Flush cached data */
    if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
    {
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);	/* Lock volume */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK
            res = dec_share(fp->obj.lockid);		/* Decrement file open counter */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                fp->obj.fs = 0;    /* Invalidate file object */
            }
#else
            fp->obj.fs = 0;	/* Invalidate file object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
            unlock_volume(fs, FR_OK);		/* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
    }
    return res;
}




#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chdrive(
    const TCHAR* path		/* Drive number to set */
) {
    int vol;


    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);
    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }
    CurrVol = (BYTE)vol;	/* Set it as current volume */

    return FR_OK;
}



FRESULT f_chdir(
    const TCHAR* path	/* Pointer to the directory path */
) {
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2
    UINT i;
#endif
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);		/* Follow the path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {					/* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {	/* Is it the start directory itself? */
                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.c_scl;
                    fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                    fs->cdc_ofs = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                }
#endif
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {	/* It is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        fs->cdir = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);		/* Sub-directory cluster */
                        fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.sclust;						/* Save containing directory information */
                        fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                        fs->cdc_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);					/* Sub-directory cluster */
                    }
                } else {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;		/* Reached but a file */
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
        }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2	/* Also current drive is changed if in Unix style volume ID */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            for (i = FF_VOLUMES - 1; i && fs != FatFs[i]; i--) ;	/* Set current drive */
            CurrVol = (BYTE)i;
        }
#endif
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}


#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
FRESULT f_getcwd(
    TCHAR* buff,	/* Pointer to the directory path */
    UINT len		/* Size of buff in unit of TCHAR */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i, n;
    DWORD ccl;
    TCHAR *tp = buff;
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2
    UINT vl;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
    const char *vp;
#endif
#endif
    FILINFO fno;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    buff[0] = 0;	/* Set null string to get current volume */
    res = mount_volume((const TCHAR**)&buff, &fs, 0);	/* Get current volume */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);

        /* Follow parent directories and create the path */
        i = len;			/* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */
        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {	/* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
            dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir;				/* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */
            while ((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0) {	/* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE);	/* Get parent directory */
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }
                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }
                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);	/* Goto parent directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }
                do {							/* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                    res = DIR_READ_FILE(&dj);
                    if (res != FR_OK) {
                        break;
                    }
                    if (ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir)) {
                        break;    /* Found the entry */
                    }
                    res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                } while (res == FR_OK);
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                    res = FR_INT_ERR;    /* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                }
                if (res != FR_OK) {
                    break;
                }
                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno);		/* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */
                for (n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++) ;	/* Name length */
                if (i < n + 1) {	/* Insufficient space to store the path name? */
                    res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; break;
                }
                while (n) {
                    buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n];    /* Stack the name */
                }
                buff[--i] = '/';
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (i == len) {
                buff[--i] = '/';    /* Is it the root-directory? */
            }
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2			/* Put drive prefix */
            vl = 0;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID >= 1	/* String volume ID */
            for (n = 0, vp = (const char*)VolumeStr[CurrVol]; vp[n]; n++) ;
            if (i >= n + 2) {
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2) {
                    *tp++ = (TCHAR)'/';
                }
                for (vl = 0; vl < n; *tp++ = (TCHAR)vp[vl], vl++) ;
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1) {
                    *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                }
                vl++;
            }
#else						/* Numeric volume ID */
            if (i >= 3) {
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)'0' + CurrVol;
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                vl = 2;
            }
#endif
            if (vl == 0) {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
            }
#endif
            /* Add current directory path */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                do {	/* Copy stacked path string */
                    *tp++ = buff[i++];
                } while (i < len);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    *tp = 0;
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 1 */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File Read/Write Pointer                                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_lseek(
    FIL* fp,		/* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs		/* File pointer from top of file */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, bcs;
    LBA_t nsect;
    FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, tlen, ulen;
    DWORD *tbl;
    LBA_t dsc;
#endif

    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);		/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = (FRESULT)fp->err;
    }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
    if (res == FR_OK && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);	/* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
    }
#endif
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    if (fp->cltbl) {	/* Fast seek */
        if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) {	/* Create CLMT */
            tbl = fp->cltbl;
            tlen = *tbl++; ulen = 2;	/* Given table size and required table size */
            cl = fp->obj.sclust;		/* Origin of the chain */
            if (cl != 0) {
                do {
                    /* Get a fragment */
                    tcl = cl; ncl = 0; ulen += 2;	/* Top, length and used items */
                    do {
                        pcl = cl; ncl++;
                        cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);
                        if (cl <= 1) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        }
                        if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
                    } while (cl == pcl + 1);
                    if (ulen <= tlen) {		/* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                        *tbl++ = ncl; *tbl++ = tcl;
                    }
                } while (cl < fs->n_fatent);	/* Repeat until end of chain */
            }
            *fp->cltbl = ulen;	/* Number of items used */
            if (ulen <= tlen) {
                *tbl = 0;		/* Terminate table */
            } else {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;	/* Given table size is smaller than required */
            }
        } else {						/* Fast seek */
            if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize) {
                ofs = fp->obj.objsize;    /* Clip offset at the file size */
            }
            fp->fptr = ofs;				/* Set file pointer */
            if (ofs > 0) {
                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                dsc = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);
                if (dsc == 0) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }
                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect) {	/* Refill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {		/* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                        if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                    }
#endif
                    if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Load current sector */
                    }
#endif
                    fp->sect = dsc;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif

        /* Normal Seek */
    {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000) {
            ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Clip at 4 GiB - 1 if at FATxx */
        }
#endif
        if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (FF_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))) {	/* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
            ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
        }
        ifptr = fp->fptr;
        fp->fptr = nsect = 0;
        if (ofs > 0) {
            bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);	/* Cluster size (byte) */
            if (ifptr > 0 &&
                    (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) {	/* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1);	/* start from the current cluster */
                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                clst = fp->clust;
            } else {									/* When seek to back cluster, */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;					/* start from the first cluster */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                if (clst == 0) {						/* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                    clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);
                    if (clst == 1) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                }
#endif
                fp->clust = clst;
            }
            if (clst != 0) {
                while (ofs > bcs) {						/* Cluster following loop */
                    ofs -= bcs; fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_WRITE) {			/* Check if in write mode or not */
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {	/* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst);	/* Follow chain with forceed stretch */
                        if (clst == 0) {				/* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                            ofs = 0; break;
                        }
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);	/* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    }
                    if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    }
                    fp->clust = clst;
                }
                fp->fptr += ofs;
                if (ofs % SS(fs)) {
                    nsect = clst2sect(fs, clst);	/* Current sector */
                    if (nsect == 0) {
                        ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    }
                    nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                }
            }
        }
        if (!FF_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {	/* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
        }
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect) {	/* Fill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {			/* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Fill sector cache */
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = nsect;
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_opendir(
    DIR* dp,			/* Pointer to directory object to create */
    const TCHAR* path	/* Pointer to the directory path */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    if (!dp) {
        return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
    }

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(dp, path);			/* Follow the path to the directory */
        if (res == FR_OK) {						/* Follow completed */
            if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)) {	/* It is not the origin directory itself */
                if (dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR) {		/* This object is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust;	/* Get containing directory inforamation */
                        dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                        dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                        init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj);	/* Get object allocation info */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir);	/* Get object allocation info */
                    }
                } else {						/* This object is a file */
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                dp->obj.id = fs->id;
                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);			/* Rewind directory */
#if FF_FS_LOCK
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {
                        dp->obj.lockid = inc_share(dp, 0);	/* Lock the sub directory */
                        if (!dp->obj.lockid) {
                            res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                        }
                    } else {
                        dp->obj.lockid = 0;	/* Root directory need not to be locked */
                    }
                }
#endif
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
            res = FR_NO_PATH;
        }
    }
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        dp->obj.fs = 0;    /* Invalidate the directory object if function failed */
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_closedir(
    DIR *dp		/* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;


    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);	/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK
        if (dp->obj.lockid) {
            res = dec_share(dp->obj.lockid);    /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            dp->obj.fs = 0;    /* Invalidate directory object */
        }
#else
        dp->obj.fs = 0;	/* Invalidate directory object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        unlock_volume(fs, FR_OK);	/* Unlock volume */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_readdir(
    DIR* dp,			/* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO* fno		/* Pointer to file information to return */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);	/* Check validity of the directory object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (!fno) {
            res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);		/* Rewind the directory object */
        } else {
            INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
            res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp);		/* Read an item */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK;    /* Ignore end of directory */
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {				/* A valid entry is found */
                get_fileinfo(dp, fno);		/* Get the object information */
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);		/* Increment index for next */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                    res = FR_OK;    /* Ignore end of directory now */
                }
            }
            FREE_NAMBUF();
        }
    }
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if FF_USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findnext(
    DIR* dp,		/* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO* fno	/* Pointer to the file information structure */
) {
    FRESULT res;


    for (;;) {
        res = f_readdir(dp, fno);		/* Get a directory item */
        if (res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0]) {
            break;    /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
        }
        if (pattern_match(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, FIND_RECURS)) {
            break;    /* Test for the file name */
        }
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_USE_FIND == 2
        if (pattern_match(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, FIND_RECURS)) {
            break;    /* Test for alternative name if exist */
        }
#endif
    }
    return res;
}



/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_findfirst(
    DIR* dp,				/* Pointer to the blank directory object */
    FILINFO* fno,			/* Pointer to the file information structure */
    const TCHAR* path,		/* Pointer to the directory to open */
    const TCHAR* pattern	/* Pointer to the matching pattern */
) {
    FRESULT res;


    dp->pat = pattern;		/* Save pointer to pattern string */
    res = f_opendir(dp, path);		/* Open the target directory */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = f_findnext(dp, fno);	/* Find the first item */
    }
    return res;
}

#endif	/* FF_USE_FIND */



#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_stat(
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Pointer to the file path */
    FILINFO* fno		/* Pointer to file information to return */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);	/* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {				/* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {	/* It is origin directory */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {							/* Found an object */
                if (fno) {
                    get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}



#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getfree(
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Logical drive number */
    DWORD* nclst,		/* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
    FATFS** fatfs		/* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding filesystem object */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD nfree, clst, stat;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT i;
    FFOBJID obj;


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        *fatfs = fs;				/* Return ptr to the fs object */
        /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full FAT scan */
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            *nclst = fs->free_clst;
        } else {
            /* Scan FAT to obtain number of free clusters */
            nfree = 0;
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12) {	/* FAT12: Scan bit field FAT entries */
                clst = 2; obj.fs = fs;
                do {
                    stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);
                    if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR; break;
                    }
                    if (stat == 1) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR; break;
                    }
                    if (stat == 0) {
                        nfree++;
                    }
                } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
            } else {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* exFAT: Scan allocation bitmap */
                    BYTE bm;
                    UINT b;

                    clst = fs->n_fatent - 2;	/* Number of clusters */
                    sect = fs->bitbase;			/* Bitmap sector */
                    i = 0;						/* Offset in the sector */
                    do {	/* Counts numbuer of bits with zero in the bitmap */
                        if (i == 0) {	/* New sector? */
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK) {
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        for (b = 8, bm = ~fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--) {
                            nfree += bm & 1;
                            bm >>= 1;
                        }
                        i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                    } while (clst);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* FAT16/32: Scan WORD/DWORD FAT entries */
                    clst = fs->n_fatent;	/* Number of entries */
                    sect = fs->fatbase;		/* Top of the FAT */
                    i = 0;					/* Offset in the sector */
                    do {	/* Counts numbuer of entries with zero in the FAT */
                        if (i == 0) {	/* New sector? */
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK) {
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16) {
                            if (ld_word(fs->win + i) == 0) {
                                nfree++;
                            }
                            i += 2;
                        } else {
                            if ((ld_dword(fs->win + i) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0) {
                                nfree++;
                            }
                            i += 4;
                        }
                        i %= SS(fs);
                    } while (--clst);
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {		/* Update parameters if succeeded */
                *nclst = nfree;			/* Return the free clusters */
                fs->free_clst = nfree;	/* Now free_clst is valid */
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;		/* FAT32: FSInfo is to be updated */
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_truncate(
    FIL* fp		/* Pointer to the file object */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD ncl;


    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);	/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */
    }

    if (fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize) {	/* Process when fptr is not on the eof */
        if (fp->fptr == 0) {	/* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
            res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
            fp->obj.sclust = 0;
        } else {				/* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
            ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
            res = FR_OK;
            if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            if (ncl == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent) {
                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
            }
        }
        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;	/* Set file size to current read/write point */
        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !FF_FS_TINY
        if (res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)) {
            if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            } else {
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
        }
#endif
        if (res != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, res);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_unlink(
    const TCHAR* path		/* Pointer to the file or directory path */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR dj, sdj;
    DWORD dclst = 0;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    FFOBJID obj;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF


    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);		/* Follow the file path */
        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;			/* Cannot remove dot entry */
        }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = chk_share(&dj, 2);    /* Check if it is an open object */
        }
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {					/* The object is accessible */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;		/* Cannot remove the origin directory */
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO) {
                    res = FR_DENIED;		/* Cannot remove R/O object */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                obj.fs = fs;
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &obj);
                    dclst = obj.sclust;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                }
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {			/* Is it a sub-directory? */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
                    if (dclst == fs->cdir) {	 	/* Is it the current directory? */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        sdj.obj.fs = fs;			/* Open the sub-directory */
                        sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                            sdj.obj.stat = obj.stat;
                        }
#endif
                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = DIR_READ_FILE(&sdj);			/* Test if the directory is empty */
                            if (res == FR_OK) {
                                res = FR_DENIED;    /* Not empty? */
                            }
                            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                                res = FR_OK;    /* Empty? */
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&dj);			/* Remove the directory entry */
                if (res == FR_OK && dclst != 0) {	/* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                    res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_mkdir(
    const TCHAR* path		/* Pointer to the directory path */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR dj;
    FFOBJID sobj;
    DWORD dcl, pcl, tm;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);	/* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);			/* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = FR_EXIST;    /* Name collision? */
        }
        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {	/* Invalid name? */
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {				/* It is clear to create a new directory */
            sobj.fs = fs;						/* New object id to create a new chain */
            dcl = create_chain(&sobj, 0);		/* Allocate a cluster for the new directory */
            res = FR_OK;
            if (dcl == 0) {
                res = FR_DENIED;    /* No space to allocate a new cluster? */
            }
            if (dcl == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;    /* Any insanity? */
            }
            if (dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Disk error? */
            }
            tm = GET_FATTIME();
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_clear(fs, dcl);		/* Clean up the new table */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {	/* Create dot entries (FAT only) */
                        memset(fs->win + DIR_Name, ' ', 11);	/* Create "." entry */
                        fs->win[DIR_Name] = '.';
                        fs->win[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                        st_dword(fs->win + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win, dcl);
                        memcpy(fs->win + SZDIRE, fs->win, SZDIRE);	/* Create ".." entry */
                        fs->win[SZDIRE + 1] = '.'; pcl = dj.obj.sclust;
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win + SZDIRE, pcl);
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                    }
                    res = dir_register(&dj);	/* Register the object to the parent directoy */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);	/* Created time */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);	/* Table start cluster */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));	/* Directory size needs to be valid */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;				/* Initialize the object flag */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;				/* Attribute */
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);	/* Created time */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, dcl);			/* Table start cluster */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;			/* Attribute */
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            } else {
                remove_chain(&sobj, dcl, 0);		/* Could not register, remove the allocated cluster */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_rename(
    const TCHAR* path_old,	/* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
    const TCHAR* path_new	/* Pointer to the new name */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR djo, djn;
    BYTE buf[FF_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : SZDIRE], *dir;
    LBA_t sect;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    get_ldnumber(&path_new);						/* Snip the drive number of new name off */
    res = mount_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE);	/* Get logical drive of the old object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        djo.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&djo, path_old);			/* Check old object */
        if (res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Check validity of name */
        }
#if FF_FS_LOCK
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = chk_share(&djo, 2);
        }
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {					/* Object to be renamed is found */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* At exFAT volume */
                BYTE nf, nn;
                WORD nh;

                memcpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2);	/* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                memcpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);		/* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {						/* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) { 				/* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn);			/* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec]; nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                        nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                        memcpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2);	/* Restore 85+C0 entry */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec] = nf; fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                        st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);
                        if (!(fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) {
                            fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;    /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                        }
                        /* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                        res = store_xdir(&djn);
                    }
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                /* At FAT/FAT32 volume */
                memcpy(buf, djo.dir, SZDIRE);			/* Save directory entry of the object */
                memcpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof(DIR));		/* Duplicate the directory object */
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);		/* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {						/* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) { 				/* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn);			/* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dir = djn.dir;					/* Copy directory entry of the object except name */
                        memcpy(dir + 13, buf + 13, SZDIRE - 13);
                        dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[DIR_Attr];
                        if (!(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) {
                            dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;    /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if ((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust) {	/* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                            sect = clst2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));
                            if (sect == 0) {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                            } else {
                                /* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                res = move_window(fs, sect);
                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1;	/* Ptr to .. entry */
                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
                                    st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                    fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&djo);		/* Remove old entry */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
            /* End of the critical section */
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */



#if FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_chmod(
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Pointer to the file path */
    BYTE attr,			/* Attribute bits */
    BYTE mask			/* Attribute mask to change */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);	/* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);	/* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Check object validity */
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mask &= AM_RDO | AM_HID | AM_SYS | AM_ARC;	/* Valid attribute mask */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);	/* Apply attribute change */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);	/* Apply attribute change */
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_utime(
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Pointer to the file/directory name */
    const FILINFO* fno	/* Pointer to the timestamp to be set */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF


    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);	/* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);	/* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Check object validity */
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif	/* FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if FF_USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_getlabel(
    const TCHAR* path,	/* Logical drive number */
    TCHAR* label,		/* Buffer to store the volume label */
    DWORD* vsn			/* Variable to store the volume serial number */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR dj;
    UINT si, di;
    WCHAR wc;

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);

    /* Get volume label */
    if (res == FR_OK && label) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;	/* Open root directory */
        res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj);		/* Find a volume label entry */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    WCHAR hs;
                    UINT nw;

                    for (si = di = hs = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++) {	/* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                        wc = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);
                        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {	/* Is the code a surrogate? */
                            hs = wc; continue;
                        }
                        nw = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &label[di], 4);	/* Store it in API encoding */
                        if (nw == 0) {		/* Encode error? */
                            di = 0; break;
                        }
                        di += nw;
                        hs = 0;
                    }
                    if (hs != 0) {
                        di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                    }
                    label[di] = 0;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    si = di = 0;		/* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry */
                    while (si < 11) {
                        wc = dj.dir[si++];
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 	/* Unicode output */
                        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si < 11) {
                            wc = wc << 8 | dj.dir[si++];    /* Is it a DBC? */
                        }
                        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);		/* Convert it into Unicode */
                        if (wc == 0) {		/* Invalid char in current code page? */
                            di = 0; break;
                        }
                        di += put_utf(wc, &label[di], 4);	/* Store it in Unicode */
#else									/* ANSI/OEM output */
                        label[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;
#endif
                    }
                    do {				/* Truncate trailing spaces */
                        label[di] = 0;
                        if (di == 0) {
                            break;
                        }
                    } while (label[--di] == ' ');
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {	/* No label entry and return nul string */
            label[0] = 0;
            res = FR_OK;
        }
    }

    /* Get volume serial number */
    if (res == FR_OK && vsn) {
        res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            switch (fs->fs_type) {
            case FS_EXFAT:
                di = BPB_VolIDEx;
                break;

            case FS_FAT32:
                di = BS_VolID32;
                break;

            default:
                di = BS_VolID;
            }
            *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}



#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setlabel(
    const TCHAR* label	/* Volume label to set with heading logical drive number */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DIR dj;
    BYTE dirvn[22];
    UINT di;
    WCHAR wc;
    static const char badchr[18] = "+.,;=[]" "/*:<>|\\\"\?\x7F";	/* [0..16] for FAT, [7..16] for exFAT */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    DWORD dc;
#endif

    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {	/* On the exFAT volume */
        memset(dirvn, 0, 22);
        di = 0;
        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') {	/* Create volume label */
            dc = tchar2uni(&label);	/* Get a Unicode character */
            if (dc >= 0x10000) {
                if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF || di >= 10) {	/* Wrong surrogate or buffer overflow */
                    dc = 0;
                } else {
                    st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)(dc >> 16)); di++;
                }
            }
            if (dc == 0 || strchr(&badchr[7], (int)dc) || di >= 11) {	/* Check validity of the volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)dc); di++;
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        memset(dirvn, ' ', 11);
        di = 0;
        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') {	/* Create volume label */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dc = tchar2uni(&label);
            wc = (dc < 0x10000) ? ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(dc), CODEPAGE) : 0;
#else									/* ANSI/OEM input */
            wc = (BYTE) * label++;
            if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {
                wc = dbc_2nd((BYTE) * label) ? wc << 8 | (BYTE) * label++ : 0;
            }
            if (IsLower(wc)) {
                wc -= 0x20;    /* To upper ASCII characters */
            }
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
            if (ExCvt && wc >= 0x80) {
                wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80];    /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
            }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
            if (wc >= 0x80) {
                wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80];    /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
            }
#endif
#endif
            if (wc == 0 || strchr(&badchr[0], (int)wc) || di >= (UINT)((wc >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11)) {	/* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            if (wc >= 0x100) {
                dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
            }
            dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)wc;
        }
        if (dirvn[0] == DDEM) {
            LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);    /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
        }
        while (di && dirvn[di - 1] == ' ') {
            di--;    /* Snip trailing spaces */
        }
    }

    /* Set volume label */
    dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;	/* Open root directory */
    res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj);	/* Get volume label entry */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;	/* Change the volume label */
                memcpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
            } else {
                if (di != 0) {
                    memcpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);	/* Change the volume label */
                } else {
                    dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;	/* Remove the volume label */
                }
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = sync_fs(fs);
        } else {			/* No volume label entry or an error */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK;
                if (di != 0) {	/* Create a volume label entry */
                    res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1);	/* Allocate an entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        memset(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE);	/* Clean the entry */
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            dj.dir[XDIR_Type] = ET_VLABEL;	/* Create volume label entry */
                            dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;
                            memcpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
                        } else {
                            dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL;		/* Create volume label entry */
                            memcpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LABEL */



#if FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_expand(
    FIL* fp,		/* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t fsz,	/* File size to be expanded to */
    BYTE opt		/* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;


    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);		/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }
    if (fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
    }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check if in size limit */
    }
#endif
    n = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);	/* Cluster size */
    tcl = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0);	/* Number of clusters required */
    stcl = fs->last_clst; lclst = 0;
    if (stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent) {
        stcl = 2;
    }

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl);			/* Find a contiguous cluster block */
        if (scl == 0) {
            res = FR_DENIED;    /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
        }
        if (scl == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {	/* A contiguous free area is found */
            if (opt) {		/* Allocate it now */
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1);	/* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
            } else {		/* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        scl = clst = stcl; ncl = 0;
        for (;;) {	/* Find a contiguous cluster block */
            n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
            if (++clst >= fs->n_fatent) {
                clst = 2;
            }
            if (n == 1) {
                res = FR_INT_ERR; break;
            }
            if (n == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR; break;
            }
            if (n == 0) {	/* Is it a free cluster? */
                if (++ncl == tcl) {
                    break;    /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
                }
            } else {
                scl = clst; ncl = 0;		/* Not a free cluster */
            }
            if (clst == stcl) {		/* No contiguous cluster? */
                res = FR_DENIED; break;
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {	/* A contiguous free area is found */
            if (opt) {		/* Allocate it now */
                for (clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--) {	/* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                    res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);
                    if (res != FR_OK) {
                        break;
                    }
                    lclst = clst;
                }
            } else {		/* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    }

    if (res == FR_OK) {
        fs->last_clst = lclst;		/* Set suggested start cluster to start next */
        if (opt) {	/* Is it allocated now? */
            fp->obj.sclust = scl;		/* Update object allocation information */
            fp->obj.objsize = fsz;
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.stat = 2;    /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
            }
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
            if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {	/* Update FSINFO */
                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
            }
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}

#endif /* FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY */



#if FF_USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward Data to the Stream Directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_forward(
    FIL* fp, 						/* Pointer to the file object */
    UINT(*func)(const BYTE*, UINT),	/* Pointer to the streaming function */
    UINT btf,						/* Number of bytes to forward */
    UINT* bf						/* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
) {
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, csect;
    BYTE *dbuf;


    *bf = 0;	/* Clear transfer byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);		/* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    }
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) {
        LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */
    }

    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btf > remain) {
        btf = (UINT)remain;    /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */
    }

    for (; btf > 0 && (*func)(0, 0); fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt) {	/* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));	/* Sector offset in the cluster */
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {				/* On the sector boundary? */
            if (csect == 0) {						/* On the cluster boundary? */
                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?			/* On the top of the file? */
                       fp->obj.sclust : get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                if (clst <= 1) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                }
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->clust = clst;					/* Update current cluster */
            }
        }
        sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);			/* Get current data sector */
        if (sect == 0) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        }
        sect += csect;
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Move sector window to the file data */
        }
        dbuf = fs->win;
#else
        if (fp->sect != sect) {		/* Fill sector cache with file data */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {		/* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
        }
        dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
        fp->sect = sect;
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);	/* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btf) {
            rcnt = btf;    /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        }
        rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt);	/* Forward the file data */
        if (rcnt == 0) {
            ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        }
    }

    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_FORWARD */



#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create FAT/exFAT volume (with sub-functions)                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define N_SEC_TRACK 63			/* Sectors per track for determination of drive CHS */
#define	GPT_ALIGN	0x100000	/* Alignment of partitions in GPT [byte] (>=128KB) */
#define GPT_ITEMS	128			/* Number of GPT table size (>=128, sector aligned) */


/* Create partitions on the physical drive in format of MBR or GPT */

static FRESULT create_partition(
    BYTE drv,			/* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t plst[],	/* Partition list */
    BYTE sys,			/* System ID for each partition (for only MBR) */
    BYTE *buf			/* Working buffer for a sector */
) {
    UINT i, cy;
    LBA_t sz_drv;
    DWORD sz_drv32, nxt_alloc32, sz_part32;
    BYTE *pte;
    BYTE hd, n_hd, sc, n_sc;

    /* Get physical drive size */
    if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_drv) != RES_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }

#if FF_LBA64
    if (sz_drv >= FF_MIN_GPT) {	/* Create partitions in GPT format */
        WORD ss;
        UINT sz_ptbl, pi, si, ofs;
        DWORD bcc, rnd, align;
        QWORD nxt_alloc, sz_part, sz_pool, top_bpt;
        static const BYTE gpt_mbr[16] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0xEE, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};

#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
        if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Get sector size */
        }
        if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
#else
        ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
        rnd = (DWORD)sz_drv + GET_FATTIME();	/* Random seed */
        align = GPT_ALIGN / ss;				/* Partition alignment for GPT [sector] */
        sz_ptbl = GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss;	/* Size of partition table [sector] */
        top_bpt = sz_drv - sz_ptbl - 1;		/* Backup partition table start sector */
        nxt_alloc = 2 + sz_ptbl;			/* First allocatable sector */
        sz_pool = top_bpt - nxt_alloc;		/* Size of allocatable area */
        bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; sz_part = 1;
        pi = si = 0;	/* partition table index, size table index */
        do {
            if (pi * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) {
                memset(buf, 0, ss);    /* Clean the buffer if needed */
            }
            if (sz_part != 0) {				/* Is the size table not termintated? */
                nxt_alloc = (nxt_alloc + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align);	/* Align partition start */
                sz_part = plst[si++];		/* Get a partition size */
                if (sz_part <= 100) {		/* Is the size in percentage? */
                    sz_part = sz_pool * sz_part / 100;
                    sz_part = (sz_part + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align);	/* Align partition end (only if in percentage) */
                }
                if (nxt_alloc + sz_part > top_bpt) {	/* Clip the size at end of the pool */
                    sz_part = (nxt_alloc < top_bpt) ? top_bpt - nxt_alloc : 0;
                }
            }
            if (sz_part != 0) {				/* Add a partition? */
                ofs = pi * SZ_GPTE % ss;
                memcpy(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16);	/* Set partition GUID (Microsoft Basic Data) */
                rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + ofs + GPTE_UpGuid, 16);	/* Set unique partition GUID */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba, nxt_alloc);		/* Set partition start sector */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba, nxt_alloc + sz_part - 1);	/* Set partition end sector */
                nxt_alloc += sz_part;								/* Next allocatable sector */
            }
            if ((pi + 1) * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) {		/* Write the buffer if it is filled up */
                for (i = 0; i < ss; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;	/* Calculate table check sum */
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, 2 + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Write to primary table */
                }
                if (disk_write(drv, buf, top_bpt + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Write to secondary table */
                }
            }
        } while (++pi < GPT_ITEMS);

        /* Create primary GPT header */
        memset(buf, 0, ss);
        memcpy(buf + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART" "\0\0\1\0" "\x5C\0\0", 16);	/* Signature, version (1.0) and size (92) */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtBcc, ~bcc);			/* Table check sum */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, 1);				/* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, sz_drv - 1);	/* LBA of secondary header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_FstLba, 2 + sz_ptbl);	/* LBA of first allocatable sector */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_LstLba, top_bpt - 1);	/* LBA of last allocatable sector */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PteSize, SZ_GPTE);		/* Size of a table entry */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum, GPT_ITEMS);		/* Number of table entries */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, 2);				/* LBA of this table */
        rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + GPTH_DskGuid, 16);	/* Disk GUID */
        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;	/* Calculate header check sum */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc);				/* Header check sum */
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        /* Create secondary GPT header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, sz_drv - 1);	/* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, 1);				/* LBA of primary header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, top_bpt);		/* LBA of this table */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, 0);
        for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;	/* Calculate header check sum */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc);				/* Header check sum */
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, sz_drv - 1, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

        /* Create protective MBR */
        memset(buf, 0, ss);
        memcpy(buf + MBR_Table, gpt_mbr, 16);		/* Create a GPT partition */
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;
        }

    } else
#endif
    {
        /* Create partitions in MBR format */
        sz_drv32 = (DWORD)sz_drv;
        n_sc = N_SEC_TRACK;				/* Determine drive CHS without any consideration of the drive geometry */
        for (n_hd = 8; n_hd != 0 && sz_drv32 / n_hd / n_sc > 1024; n_hd *= 2) ;
        if (n_hd == 0) {
            n_hd = 255;    /* Number of heads needs to be <256 */
        }

        memset(buf, 0, FF_MAX_SS);		/* Clear MBR */
        pte = buf + MBR_Table;	/* Partition table in the MBR */
        for (i = 0, nxt_alloc32 = n_sc; i < 4 && nxt_alloc32 != 0 && nxt_alloc32 < sz_drv32; i++, nxt_alloc32 += sz_part32) {
            sz_part32 = (DWORD)plst[i];	/* Get partition size */
            if (sz_part32 <= 100) {
                sz_part32 = (sz_part32 == 100) ? sz_drv32 : sz_drv32 / 100 * sz_part32;    /* Size in percentage? */
            }
            if (nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 > sz_drv32 || nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 < nxt_alloc32) {
                sz_part32 = sz_drv32 - nxt_alloc32;    /* Clip at drive size */
            }
            if (sz_part32 == 0) {
                break;    /* End of table or no sector to allocate? */
            }

            st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, nxt_alloc32);	/* Start LBA */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, sz_part32);	/* Number of sectors */
            pte[PTE_System] = sys;					/* System type */

            cy = (UINT)(nxt_alloc32 / n_sc / n_hd);	/* Start cylinder */
            hd = (BYTE)(nxt_alloc32 / n_sc % n_hd);	/* Start head */
            sc = (BYTE)(nxt_alloc32 % n_sc + 1);	/* Start sector */
            pte[PTE_StHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_StSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_StCyl] = (BYTE)cy;

            cy = (UINT)((nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 - 1) / n_sc / n_hd);	/* End cylinder */
            hd = (BYTE)((nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 - 1) / n_sc % n_hd);	/* End head */
            sc = (BYTE)((nxt_alloc32 + sz_part32 - 1) % n_sc + 1);		/* End sector */
            pte[PTE_EdHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_EdSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_EdCyl] = (BYTE)cy;

            pte += SZ_PTE;		/* Next entry */
        }

        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);		/* MBR signature */
        if (disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
            return FR_DISK_ERR;    /* Write it to the MBR */
        }
    }

    return FR_OK;
}



FRESULT f_mkfs(
    const TCHAR* path,		/* Logical drive number */
    const MKFS_PARM* opt,	/* Format options */
    void* work,				/* Pointer to working buffer (null: use len bytes of heap memory) */
    UINT len				/* Size of working buffer [byte] */
) {
    static const WORD cst[] = {1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0};	/* Cluster size boundary for FAT volume (4Ks unit) */
    static const WORD cst32[] = {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0};	/* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
    static const MKFS_PARM defopt = {FM_ANY, 0, 0, 0, 0};	/* Default parameter */
    BYTE fsopt, fsty, sys, pdrv, ipart;
    BYTE *buf;
    BYTE *pte;
    WORD ss;	/* Sector size */
    DWORD sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, nsect, n, vsn;
    LBA_t sz_vol, b_vol, b_fat, b_data;		/* Size of volume, Base LBA of volume, fat, data */
    LBA_t sect, lba[2];
    DWORD sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir, sz_au;	/* Size of reserved, fat, dir, data, cluster */
    UINT n_fat, n_root, i;					/* Index, Number of FATs and Number of roor dir entries */
    int vol;
    DSTATUS ds;
    FRESULT res;


    /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);					/* Get target logical drive */
    if (vol < 0) {
        return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    }
    if (FatFs[vol]) {
        FatFs[vol]->fs_type = 0;    /* Clear the fs object if mounted */
    }
    pdrv = LD2PD(vol);		/* Hosting physical drive */
    ipart = LD2PT(vol);		/* Hosting partition (0:create as new, 1..:existing partition) */

    /* Initialize the hosting physical drive */
    ds = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (ds & STA_NOINIT) {
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    }
    if (ds & STA_PROTECT) {
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }

    /* Get physical drive parameters (sz_drv, sz_blk and ss) */
    if (!opt) {
        opt = &defopt;    /* Use default parameter if it is not given */
    }
    sz_blk = opt->align;
    if (sz_blk == 0) {
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk);    /* Block size from the paramter or lower layer */
    }
    if (sz_blk == 0 || sz_blk > 0x8000 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1))) {
        sz_blk = 1;    /* Use default if the block size is invalid */
    }
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }
    if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) {
        return FR_DISK_ERR;
    }
#else
    ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif

    /* Options for FAT sub-type and FAT parameters */
    fsopt = opt->fmt & (FM_ANY | FM_SFD);
    n_fat = (opt->n_fat >= 1 && opt->n_fat <= 2) ? opt->n_fat : 1;
    n_root = (opt->n_root >= 1 && opt->n_root <= 32768 && (opt->n_root % (ss / SZDIRE)) == 0) ? opt->n_root : 512;
    sz_au = (opt->au_size <= 0x1000000 && (opt->au_size & (opt->au_size - 1)) == 0) ? opt->au_size : 0;
    sz_au /= ss;	/* Byte --> Sector */

    /* Get working buffer */
    sz_buf = len / ss;		/* Size of working buffer [sector] */
    if (sz_buf == 0) {
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    }
    buf = (BYTE*)work;		/* Working buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
    if (!buf) {
        buf = ff_memalloc(sz_buf * ss);    /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
    }
#endif
    if (!buf) {
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    }

    /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
    b_vol = sz_vol = 0;
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) {	/* Is the volume associated with any specific partition? */
        /* Get partition location from the existing partition table */
        if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Load MBR */
        }
        if (ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Check if MBR is valid */
        }
#if FF_LBA64
        if (buf[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) {	/* GPT protective MBR? */
            DWORD n_ent, ofs;
            QWORD pt_lba;

            /* Get the partition location from GPT */
            if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
            }
            if (!test_gpt_header(buf)) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Check if GPT header is valid */
            }
            n_ent = ld_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum);		/* Number of entries */
            pt_lba = ld_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs);	/* Table start sector */
            ofs = i = 0;
            while (n_ent) {		/* Find MS Basic partition with order of ipart */
                if (ofs == 0 && disk_read(pdrv, buf, pt_lba++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Get PT sector */
                }
                if (!memcmp(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16) && ++i == ipart) {	/* MS basic data partition? */
                    b_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba);
                    sz_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba) - b_vol + 1;
                    break;
                }
                n_ent--; ofs = (ofs + SZ_GPTE) % ss;	/* Next entry */
            }
            if (n_ent == 0) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Partition not found */
            }
            fsopt |= 0x80;	/* Partitioning is in GPT */
        } else
#endif
        {
            /* Get the partition location from MBR partition table */
            pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE);
            if (ipart > 4 || pte[PTE_System] == 0) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* No partition? */
            }
            b_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);		/* Get volume start sector */
            sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba);	/* Get volume size */
        }
    } else {	/* The volume is associated with a physical drive */
        if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
        }
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) {	/* To be partitioned? */
            /* Create a single-partition on the drive in this function */
#if FF_LBA64
            if (sz_vol >= FF_MIN_GPT) {	/* Which partition type to create, MBR or GPT? */
                fsopt |= 0x80;		/* Partitioning is in GPT */
                b_vol = GPT_ALIGN / ss; sz_vol -= b_vol + GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss + 1;	/* Estimated partition offset and size */
            } else
#endif
            {
                /* Partitioning is in MBR */
                if (sz_vol > N_SEC_TRACK) {
                    b_vol = N_SEC_TRACK; sz_vol -= b_vol;	/* Estimated partition offset and size */
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (sz_vol < 128) {
        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Check if volume size is >=128s */
    }

    /* Now start to create an FAT volume at b_vol and sz_vol */

    do {	/* Pre-determine the FAT type */
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && (fsopt & FM_EXFAT)) {	/* exFAT possible? */
            if ((fsopt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || sz_au > 128) {	/* exFAT only, vol >= 64MS or sz_au > 128S ? */
                fsty = FS_EXFAT; break;
            }
        }
#if FF_LBA64
        if (sz_vol >= 0x100000000) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too large volume for FAT/FAT32 */
        }
#endif
        if (sz_au > 128) {
            sz_au = 128;    /* Invalid AU for FAT/FAT32? */
        }
        if (fsopt & FM_FAT32) {	/* FAT32 possible? */
            if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) {	/* no-FAT? */
                fsty = FS_FAT32; break;
            }
        }
        if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_INVALID_PARAMETER);    /* no-FAT? */
        }
        fsty = FS_FAT16;
    } while (0);

    vsn = (DWORD)sz_vol + GET_FATTIME();	/* VSN generated from current time and partitiion size */

#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fsty == FS_EXFAT) {	/* Create an exFAT volume */
        DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nbit, clu, clen[3];
        WCHAR ch, si;
        UINT j, st;

        if (sz_vol < 0x1000) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too small volume for exFAT? */
        }
#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol; lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;	/* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
        if (sz_au == 0) {	/* AU auto-selection */
            sz_au = 8;
            if (sz_vol >= 0x80000) {
                sz_au = 64;    /* >= 512Ks */
            }
            if (sz_vol >= 0x4000000) {
                sz_au = 256;    /* >= 64Ms */
            }
        }
        b_fat = b_vol + 32;										/* FAT start at offset 32 */
        sz_fat = (DWORD)((sz_vol / sz_au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;	/* Number of FAT sectors */
        b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~((LBA_t)sz_blk - 1);	/* Align data area to the erase block boundary */
        if (b_data - b_vol >= sz_vol / 2) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too small volume? */
        }
        n_clst = (DWORD)((sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / sz_au);	/* Number of clusters */
        if (n_clst < 16) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too few clusters? */
        }
        if (n_clst > MAX_EXFAT) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too many clusters? */
        }

        szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;								/* Size of allocation bitmap */
        clen[0] = (szb_bit + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss);	/* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */

        /* Create a compressed up-case table */
        sect = b_data + sz_au * clen[0];	/* Table start sector */
        sum = 0;							/* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
        st = 0; si = 0; i = 0; j = 0; szb_case = 0;
        do {
            switch (st) {
            case 0:
                ch = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(si);	/* Get an up-case char */
                if (ch != si) {
                    si++; break;		/* Store the up-case char if exist */
                }
                for (j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++) ;	/* Get run length of no-case block */
                if (j >= 128) {
                    ch = 0xFFFF; st = 2; break;	/* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 chars */
                }
                st = 1;			/* Do not compress short run */
            /* FALLTHROUGH */
            case 1:
                ch = si++;		/* Fill the short run */
                if (--j == 0) {
                    st = 0;
                }
                break;

            default:
                ch = (WCHAR)j; si += (WCHAR)j;	/* Number of chars to skip */
                st = 0;
            }
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum);	/* Put it into the write buffer */
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
            i += 2; szb_case += 2;
            if (si == 0 || i == sz_buf * ss) {		/* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                sect += n; i = 0;
            }
        } while (si);
        clen[1] = (szb_case + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss);	/* Number of up-case table clusters */
        clen[2] = 1;	/* Number of root dir clusters */

        /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
        sect = b_data; nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss;	/* Start of bitmap and number of bitmap sectors */
        nbit = clen[0] + clen[1] + clen[2];				/* Number of clusters in-use by system (bitmap, up-case and root-dir) */
        do {
            memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);				/* Initialize bitmap buffer */
            for (i = 0; nbit != 0 && i / 8 < sz_buf * ss; buf[i / 8] |= 1 << (i % 8), i++, nbit--) ;	/* Mark used clusters */
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;		/* Write the buffered data */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the FAT */
        sect = b_fat; nsect = sz_fat;	/* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
        j = nbit = clu = 0;
        do {
            memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss); i = 0;	/* Clear work area and reset write offset */
            if (clu == 0) {	/* Initialize FAT [0] and FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8); i += 4; clu++;
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF); i += 4; clu++;
            }
            do {			/* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
                while (nbit != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss) {	/* Create a chain */
                    st_dword(buf + i, (nbit > 1) ? clu + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                    i += 4; clu++; nbit--;
                }
                if (nbit == 0 && j < 3) {
                    nbit = clen[j++];    /* Get next chain length */
                }
            } while (nbit != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss);
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;	/* Write the buffered data */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Initialize the root directory */
        memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = ET_VLABEL;				/* Volume label entry (no label) */
        buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = ET_BITMAP;				/* Bitmap entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);				/*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);		/*  size */
        buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = ET_UPCASE;				/* Up-case table entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);			/*  sum */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + clen[0]);	/*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);		/*  size */
        sect = b_data + sz_au * (clen[0] + clen[1]); nsect = sz_au;	/* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */
        do {	/* Fill root directory sectors */
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            memset(buf, 0, ss);	/* Rest of entries are filled with zero */
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);

        /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
        sect = b_vol;
        for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
            /* Main record (+0) */
            memset(buf, 0, ss);
            memcpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11);	/* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);					/* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);					/* Volume size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_fat - b_vol));	/* FAT offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);					/* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_data - b_vol));	/* Data offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);					/* Number of clusters */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + clen[0] + clen[1]);	/* Root dir cluster # */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, vsn);						/* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);						/* Filesystem version (1.00) */
            for (buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++) ;	/* Log2 of sector size [byte] */
            for (buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = sz_au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++) ;	/* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */
            buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;					/* Number of FATs */
            buf[BPB_DrvNumEx] = 0x80;				/* Drive number (for int13) */
            st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB);	/* Boot code (x86) */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);			/* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */
            for (i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++) {		/* VBR checksum */
                if (i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx) {
                    sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
                }
            }
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
            memset(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55);	/* Signature (placed at end of sector) */
            for (j = 1; j < 9; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;	/* VBR checksum */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
            }
            /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
            memset(buf, 0, ss);
            for (; j < 11; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;	/* VBR checksum */
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
            }
            /* Sum record (+11) */
            for (i = 0; i < ss; i += 4) {
                st_dword(buf + i, sum);    /* Fill with checksum value */
            }
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
        }

    } else
#endif	/* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {
        /* Create an FAT/FAT32 volume */
        do {
            pau = sz_au;
            /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {	/* FAT32 volume */
                if (pau == 0) {	/* AU auto-selection */
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x20000;	/* Volume size in unit of 128KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;	/* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;	/* Number of clusters */
                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss;	/* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 32;	/* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = 0;		/* No static directory */
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            } else {				/* FAT volume */
                if (pau == 0) {	/* au auto-selection */
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x1000;	/* Volume size in unit of 4KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;	/* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                    n = n_clst * 2 + 4;		/* FAT size [byte] */
                } else {
                    fsty = FS_FAT12;
                    n = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3;	/* FAT size [byte] */
                }
                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;		/* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 1;						/* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_root * SZDIRE / ss;	/* Root dir size [sector] */
            }
            b_fat = b_vol + sz_rsv;						/* FAT base */
            b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fat + sz_dir;	/* Data base */

            /* Align data area to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
            n = (DWORD)(((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data);	/* Sectors to next nearest from current data base */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {		/* FAT32: Move FAT */
                sz_rsv += n; b_fat += n;
            } else {					/* FAT: Expand FAT */
                if (n % n_fat) {	/* Adjust fractional error if needed */
                    n--; sz_rsv++; b_fat++;
                }
                sz_fat += n / n_fat;
            }

            /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
            if (sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too small volume? */
            }
            n_clst = ((DWORD)sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fat - sz_dir) / pau;
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16) {	/* Too few clusters for FAT32? */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau / 2) != 0) {
                        continue;    /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }
            if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT16) {	/* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (pau * 2) <= 64) {
                        sz_au = pau * 2; continue;	/* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    if ((fsopt & FM_FAT32)) {
                        fsty = FS_FAT32; continue;	/* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                    }
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) {
                        continue;    /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT12) {	/* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) {
                        continue;    /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }
            if (fsty == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */
            }

            /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
            break;
        } while (1);

#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol; lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;	/* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Create FAT VBR */
        memset(buf, 0, ss);
        memcpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90" "MSDOS5.0", 11);	/* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
        st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);				/* Sector size [byte] */
        buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;				/* Cluster size [sector] */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);	/* Size of reserved area */
        buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fat;					/* Number of FATs */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fsty == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_root));	/* Number of root directory entries */
        if (sz_vol < 0x10000) {
            st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol);	/* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, (DWORD)sz_vol);	/* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
        }
        buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;							/* Media descriptor byte */
        st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);				/* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
        st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);				/* Number of heads (for int13) */
        st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, (DWORD)b_vol);		/* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, vsn);			/* VSN */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);		/* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);			/* Root directory cluster # (2) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);				/* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);			/* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            buf[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;					/* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;					/* Extended boot signature */
            memcpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    " "FAT32   ", 19);	/* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, vsn);				/* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat);	/* FAT size [sector] */
            buf[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;						/* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;						/* Extended boot signature */
            memcpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    " "FAT     ", 19);	/* Volume label, FAT signature */
        }
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);					/* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
        if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK) {
            LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Write it to the VBR sector */
        }

        /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1);		/* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            memset(buf, 0, ss);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1);	/* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);			/* Last allocated cluster# */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1);		/* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
            disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1);		/* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
        }

        /* Initialize FAT area */
        memset(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        sect = b_fat;		/* FAT start sector */
        for (i = 0; i < n_fat; i++) {			/* Initialize FATs each */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8);	/* FAT[0] */
                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF);	/* FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF);	/* FAT[2] (root directory) */
            } else {
                st_dword(buf + 0, (fsty == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8);	/* FAT[0] and FAT[1] */
            }
            nsect = sz_fat;		/* Number of FAT sectors */
            do {	/* Fill FAT sectors */
                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) {
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                }
                memset(buf, 0, ss);	/* Rest of FAT all are cleared */
                sect += n; nsect -= n;
            } while (nsect);
        }

        /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
        nsect = (fsty == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir;	/* Number of root directory sectors */
        do {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
    }

    /* A FAT volume has been created here */

    /* Determine system ID in the MBR partition table */
    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fsty == FS_EXFAT) {
        sys = 0x07;		/* exFAT */
    } else if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
        sys = 0x0C;		/* FAT32X */
    } else if (sz_vol >= 0x10000) {
        sys = 0x06;		/* FAT12/16 (large) */
    } else if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
        sys = 0x04;		/* FAT16 */
    } else {
        sys = 0x01;		/* FAT12 */
    }

    /* Update partition information */
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) {	/* Volume is in the existing partition */
        if (!FF_LBA64 || !(fsopt & 0x80)) {	/* Is the partition in MBR? */
            /* Update system ID in the partition table */
            if (disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Read the MBR */
            }
            buf[MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys;			/* Set system ID */
            if (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Write it back to the MBR */
            }
        }
    } else {								/* Volume as a new single partition */
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) {			/* Create partition table if not in SFD format */
            lba[0] = sz_vol; lba[1] = 0;
            res = create_partition(pdrv, lba, sys, buf);
            if (res != FR_OK) {
                LEAVE_MKFS(res);
            }
        }
    }

    if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) {
        LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
    }

    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_OK);
}




#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create Partition Table on the Physical Drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_fdisk(
    BYTE pdrv,			/* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t ptbl[],	/* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
    void* work			/* Pointer to the working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
) {
    BYTE *buf = (BYTE*)work;
    DSTATUS stat;
    FRESULT res;


    /* Initialize the physical drive */
    stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) {
        return FR_NOT_READY;
    }
    if (stat & STA_PROTECT) {
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }

#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
    if (!buf) {
        buf = ff_memalloc(FF_MAX_SS);    /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
    }
#endif
    if (!buf) {
        return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    }

    res = create_partition(pdrv, ptbl, 0x07, buf);	/* Create partitions (system ID is temporary setting and determined by f_mkfs) */

    LEAVE_MKFS(res);
}

#endif /* FF_MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS */




#if FF_USE_STRFUNC
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && (FF_STRF_ENCODE < 0 || FF_STRF_ENCODE > 3)
#error Wrong FF_STRF_ENCODE setting
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a String from the File                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

TCHAR* f_gets(
    TCHAR* buff,	/* Pointer to the buffer to store read string */
    int len,		/* Size of string buffer (items) */
    FIL* fp			/* Pointer to the file object */
) {
    int nc = 0;
    TCHAR *p = buff;
    BYTE s[4];
    UINT rc;
    DWORD dc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE <= 2
    WCHAR wc;
#endif
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3
    UINT ct;
#endif

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE			/* With code conversion (Unicode API) */
    /* Make a room for the character and terminator  */
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1) {
        len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 1 : 2;
    }
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2) {
        len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 3 : 4;
    }
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3) {
        len -= 1;
    }
    while (nc < len) {
#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0				/* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);		/* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 1) {
            break;    /* EOF? */
        }
        wc = s[0];
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {	/* DBC 1st byte? */
            f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);	/* Get 2nd byte */
            if (rc != 1 || !dbc_2nd(s[0])) {
                continue;    /* Wrong code? */
            }
            wc = wc << 8 | s[0];
        }
        dc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);	/* Convert ANSI/OEM into Unicode */
        if (dc == 0) {
            continue;    /* Conversion error? */
        }
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 || FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2 	/* Read a character in UTF-16LE/BE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);		/* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 2) {
            break;    /* EOF? */
        }
        dc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
        if (IsSurrogateL(dc)) {
            continue;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
        }
        if (IsSurrogateH(dc)) {		/* High surrogate? */
            f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);	/* Get low surrogate */
            if (rc != 2) {
                break;    /* EOF? */
            }
            wc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
            if (!IsSurrogateL(wc)) {
                continue;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            }
            dc = ((dc & 0x3FF) + 0x40) << 10 | (wc & 0x3FF);	/* Merge surrogate pair */
        }
#else	/* Read a character in UTF-8 */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);		/* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 1) {
            break;    /* EOF? */
        }
        dc = s[0];
        if (dc >= 0x80) {			/* Multi-byte sequence? */
            ct = 0;
            if ((dc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {	/* 2-byte sequence? */
                dc &= 0x1F; ct = 1;
            }
            if ((dc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {	/* 3-byte sequence? */
                dc &= 0x0F; ct = 2;
            }
            if ((dc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {	/* 4-byte sequence? */
                dc &= 0x07; ct = 3;
            }
            if (ct == 0) {
                continue;
            }
            f_read(fp, s, ct, &rc);	/* Get trailing bytes */
            if (rc != ct) {
                break;
            }
            rc = 0;
            do {	/* Merge the byte sequence */
                if ((s[rc] & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                    break;
                }
                dc = dc << 6 | (s[rc] & 0x3F);
            } while (++rc < ct);
            if (rc != ct || dc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(dc) || dc >= 0x110000) {
                continue;    /* Wrong encoding? */
            }
        }
#endif
        /* A code point is avaialble in dc to be output */

        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') {
            continue;    /* Strip \r off if needed */
        }
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1	|| FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3	/* Output it in UTF-16/32 encoding */
        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 && dc >= 0x10000) {	/* Out of BMP at UTF-16? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xD800 | ((dc >> 10) - 0x40)); nc++;	/* Make and output high surrogate */
            dc = 0xDC00 | (dc & 0x3FF);		/* Make low surrogate */
        }
        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc; nc++;
        if (dc == '\n') {
            break;    /* End of line? */
        }
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2		/* Output it in UTF-8 encoding */
        if (dc < 0x80) {	/* Single byte? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
            nc++;
            if (dc == '\n') {
                break;    /* End of line? */
            }
        } else if (dc < 0x800) {	/* 2-byte sequence? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (dc >> 6 & 0x1F));
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
            nc += 2;
        } else if (dc < 0x10000) {	/* 3-byte sequence? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (dc >> 12 & 0x0F));
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
            nc += 3;
        } else {					/* 4-byte sequence */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (dc >> 18 & 0x07));
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 12 & 0x3F));
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
            nc += 4;
        }
#endif
    }

#else			/* Byte-by-byte read without any conversion (ANSI/OEM API) */
    len -= 1;	/* Make a room for the terminator */
    while (nc < len) {
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);	/* Get a byte */
        if (rc != 1) {
            break;    /* EOF? */
        }
        dc = s[0];
        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') {
            continue;
        }
        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc; nc++;
        if (dc == '\n') {
            break;
        }
    }
#endif

    *p = 0;		/* Terminate the string */
    return nc ? buff : 0;	/* When no data read due to EOF or error, return with error. */
}




#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#define SZ_PUTC_BUF	64
#define SZ_NUM_BUF	32

/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Character to the File (with sub-functions)                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Output buffer and work area */

typedef struct {
    FIL *fp;		/* Ptr to the writing file */
    int idx, nchr;	/* Write index of buf[] (-1:error), number of encoding units written */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1
    WCHAR hs;
#elif FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    BYTE bs[4];
    UINT wi, ct;
#endif
    BYTE buf[SZ_PUTC_BUF];	/* Write buffer */
} putbuff;


/* Buffered file write with code conversion */

static void putc_bfd(putbuff* pb, TCHAR c) {
    UINT n;
    int i, nc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
    WCHAR hs, wc;
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    DWORD dc;
    const TCHAR* tp;
#endif
#endif

    if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n') {	 /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
        putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
    }

    i = pb->idx;			/* Write index of pb->buf[] */
    if (i < 0) {
        return;    /* In write error? */
    }
    nc = pb->nchr;			/* Write unit counter */

#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1		/* UTF-16 input */
    if (IsSurrogateH(c)) {	/* Is this a high-surrogate? */
        pb->hs = c; return;	/* Save it for next */
    }
    hs = pb->hs; pb->hs = 0;
    if (hs != 0) {			/* Is there a leading high-surrogate? */
        if (!IsSurrogateL(c)) {
            hs = 0;    /* Discard high-surrogate if not a surrogate pair */
        }
    } else {
        if (IsSurrogateL(c)) {
            return;    /* Discard stray low-surrogate */
        }
    }
    wc = c;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2	/* UTF-8 input */
    for (;;) {
        if (pb->ct == 0) {	/* Out of multi-byte sequence? */
            pb->bs[pb->wi = 0] = (BYTE)c;	/* Save 1st byte */
            if ((BYTE)c < 0x80) {
                break;    /* Single byte code? */
            }
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
                pb->ct = 1;    /* 2-byte sequence? */
            }
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
                pb->ct = 2;    /* 3-byte sequence? */
            }
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
                pb->ct = 3;    /* 4-byte sequence? */
            }
            return;										/* Wrong leading byte (discard it) */
        } else {				/* In the multi-byte sequence */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xC0) != 0x80) {	/* Broken sequence? */
                pb->ct = 0; continue;		/* Discard the sequense */
            }
            pb->bs[++pb->wi] = (BYTE)c;	/* Save the trailing byte */
            if (--pb->ct == 0) {
                break;    /* End of the sequence? */
            }
            return;
        }
    }
    tp = (const TCHAR*)pb->bs;
    dc = tchar2uni(&tp);			/* UTF-8 ==> UTF-16 */
    if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF) {
        return;    /* Wrong code? */
    }
    hs = (WCHAR)(dc >> 16);
    wc = (WCHAR)dc;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3	/* UTF-32 input */
    if (IsSurrogate(c) || c >= 0x110000) {
        return;    /* Discard invalid code */
    }
    if (c >= 0x10000) {		/* Out of BMP? */
        hs = (WCHAR)(0xD800 | ((c >> 10) - 0x40)); 	/* Make high surrogate */
        wc = 0xDC00 | (c & 0x3FF);					/* Make low surrogate */
    } else {
        hs = 0;
        wc = (WCHAR)c;
    }
#endif
    /* A code point in UTF-16 is available in hs and wc */

#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1		/* Write a code point in UTF-16LE */
    if (hs != 0) {	/* Surrogate pair? */
        st_word(&pb->buf[i], hs);
        i += 2;
        nc++;
    }
    st_word(&pb->buf[i], wc);
    i += 2;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2	/* Write a code point in UTF-16BE */
    if (hs != 0) {	/* Surrogate pair? */
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)hs;
        nc++;
    }
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3	/* Write a code point in UTF-8 */
    if (hs != 0) {	/* 4-byte sequence? */
        nc += 3;
        hs = (hs & 0x3FF) + 0x40;
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xF0 | hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs >> 2 & 0x3F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs & 3) << 4 | (wc >> 6 & 0x0F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
    } else {
        if (wc < 0x80) {	/* Single byte? */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
        } else {
            if (wc < 0x800) {	/* 2-byte sequence? */
                nc += 1;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | wc >> 6);
            } else {			/* 3-byte sequence */
                nc += 2;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | wc >> 12);
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc >> 6 & 0x3F));
            }
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
        }
    }
#else						/* Write a code point in ANSI/OEM */
    if (hs != 0) {
        return;
    }
    wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);	/* UTF-16 ==> ANSI/OEM */
    if (wc == 0) {
        return;
    }
    if (wc >= 0x100) {
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8); nc++;
    }
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#endif

#else							/* ANSI/OEM input (without re-encoding) */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif

    if (i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 4) {	/* Write buffered characters to the file */
        f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &n);
        i = (n == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
    }
    pb->idx = i;
    pb->nchr = nc + 1;
}


/* Flush remaining characters in the buffer */

static int putc_flush(putbuff* pb) {
    UINT nw;

    if (pb->idx >= 0	/* Flush buffered characters to the file */
            && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK
            && (UINT)pb->idx == nw) {
        return pb->nchr;
    }
    return -1;
}


/* Initialize write buffer */

static void putc_init(putbuff* pb, FIL* fp) {
    memset(pb, 0, sizeof(putbuff));
    pb->fp = fp;
}



int f_putc(
    TCHAR c,	/* A character to be output */
    FIL* fp		/* Pointer to the file object */
) {
    putbuff pb;


    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    putc_bfd(&pb, c);	/* Put the character */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a String to the File                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int f_puts(
    const TCHAR* str,	/* Pointer to the string to be output */
    FIL* fp				/* Pointer to the file object */
) {
    putbuff pb;


    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    while (*str) {
        putc_bfd(&pb, *str++);    /* Put the string */
    }
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}




/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Formatted String to the File (with sub-functions)               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if FF_PRINT_FLOAT && FF_INTDEF == 2

static int ilog10(double n) {	/* Calculate log10(n) in integer output */
    int rv = 0;

    while (n >= 10) {	/* Decimate digit in right shift */
        if (n >= 100000) {
            n /= 100000; rv += 5;
        } else {
            n /= 10; rv++;
        }
    }
    while (n < 1) {		/* Decimate digit in left shift */
        if (n < 0.00001) {
            n *= 100000; rv -= 5;
        } else {
            n *= 10; rv--;
        }
    }
    return rv;
}


static double i10x(int n) {	/* Calculate 10^n in integer input */
    double rv = 1;

    while (n > 0) {		/* Left shift */
        if (n >= 5) {
            rv *= 100000; n -= 5;
        } else {
            rv *= 10; n--;
        }
    }
    while (n < 0) {		/* Right shift */
        if (n <= -5) {
            rv /= 100000; n += 5;
        } else {
            rv /= 10; n++;
        }
    }
    return rv;
}


static void ftoa(
    char* buf,	/* Buffer to output the floating point string */
    double val,	/* Value to output */
    int prec,	/* Number of fractional digits */
    TCHAR fmt	/* Notation */
) {
    int d;
    int e = 0, m = 0;
    char sign = 0;
    double w;
    const char *er = 0;
    const char ds = FF_PRINT_FLOAT == 2 ? ',' : '.';


    if (isnan(val)) {			/* Not a number? */
        er = "NaN";
    } else {
        if (prec < 0) {
            prec = 6;    /* Default precision? (6 fractional digits) */
        }
        if (val < 0) {			/* Negative? */
            val = 0 - val; sign = '-';
        } else {
            sign = '+';
        }
        if (isinf(val)) {		/* Infinite? */
            er = "INF";
        } else {
            if (fmt == 'f') {	/* Decimal notation? */
                val += i10x(0 - prec) / 2;	/* Round (nearest) */
                m = ilog10(val);
                if (m < 0) {
                    m = 0;
                }
                if (m + prec + 3 >= SZ_NUM_BUF) {
                    er = "OV";    /* Buffer overflow? */
                }
            } else {			/* E notation */
                if (val != 0) {		/* Not a true zero? */
                    val += i10x(ilog10(val) - prec) / 2;	/* Round (nearest) */
                    e = ilog10(val);
                    if (e > 99 || prec + 7 >= SZ_NUM_BUF) {	/* Buffer overflow or E > +99? */
                        er = "OV";
                    } else {
                        if (e < -99) {
                            e = -99;
                        }
                        val /= i10x(e);	/* Normalize */
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (!er) {	/* Not error condition */
            if (sign == '-') {
                *buf++ = sign;    /* Add a - if negative value */
            }
            do {				/* Put decimal number */
                if (m == -1) {
                    *buf++ = ds;    /* Insert a decimal separator when get into fractional part */
                }
                w = i10x(m);				/* Snip the highest digit d */
                d = (int)(val / w); val -= d * w;
                *buf++ = (char)('0' + d);	/* Put the digit */
            } while (--m >= -prec);			/* Output all digits specified by prec */
            if (fmt != 'f') {	/* Put exponent if needed */
                *buf++ = (char)fmt;
                if (e < 0) {
                    e = 0 - e; *buf++ = '-';
                } else {
                    *buf++ = '+';
                }
                *buf++ = (char)('0' + e / 10);
                *buf++ = (char)('0' + e % 10);
            }
        }
    }
    if (er) {	/* Error condition */
        if (sign) {
            *buf++ = sign;    /* Add sign if needed */
        }
        do {		/* Put error symbol */
            *buf++ = *er++;
        } while (*er);
    }
    *buf = 0;	/* Term */
}
#endif	/* FF_PRINT_FLOAT && FF_INTDEF == 2 */



int f_printf(
    FIL* fp,			/* Pointer to the file object */
    const TCHAR* fmt,	/* Pointer to the format string */
    ...					/* Optional arguments... */
) {
    va_list arp;
    putbuff pb;
    UINT i, j, w, f, r;
    int prec;
#if FF_PRINT_LLI && FF_INTDEF == 2
    QWORD v;
#else
    DWORD v;
#endif
    TCHAR *tp;
    TCHAR tc, pad;
    TCHAR nul = 0;
    char d, str[SZ_NUM_BUF];


    putc_init(&pb, fp);

    va_start(arp, fmt);

    for (;;) {
        tc = *fmt++;
        if (tc == 0) {
            break;    /* End of format string */
        }
        if (tc != '%') {			/* Not an escape character (pass-through) */
            putc_bfd(&pb, tc);
            continue;
        }
        f = w = 0; pad = ' '; prec = -1;	/* Initialize parms */
        tc = *fmt++;
        if (tc == '0') {			/* Flag: '0' padded */
            pad = '0'; tc = *fmt++;
        } else if (tc == '-') {		/* Flag: Left aligned */
            f = 2; tc = *fmt++;
        }
        if (tc == '*') {			/* Minimum width from an argument */
            w = va_arg(arp, int);
            tc = *fmt++;
        } else {
            while (IsDigit(tc)) {	/* Minimum width */
                w = w * 10 + tc - '0';
                tc = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        if (tc == '.') {			/* Precision */
            tc = *fmt++;
            if (tc == '*') {		/* Precision from an argument */
                prec = va_arg(arp, int);
                tc = *fmt++;
            } else {
                prec = 0;
                while (IsDigit(tc)) {	/* Precision */
                    prec = prec * 10 + tc - '0';
                    tc = *fmt++;
                }
            }
        }
        if (tc == 'l') {			/* Size: long int */
            f |= 4; tc = *fmt++;
#if FF_PRINT_LLI && FF_INTDEF == 2
            if (tc == 'l') {		/* Size: long long int */
                f |= 8; tc = *fmt++;
            }
#endif
        }
        if (tc == 0) {
            break;    /* End of format string */
        }
        switch (tc) {				/* Atgument type is... */
        case 'b':					/* Unsigned binary */
            r = 2; break;

        case 'o':					/* Unsigned octal */
            r = 8; break;

        case 'd':					/* Signed decimal */
        case 'u': 					/* Unsigned decimal */
            r = 10; break;

        case 'x':					/* Unsigned hexadecimal (lower case) */
        case 'X': 					/* Unsigned hexadecimal (upper case) */
            r = 16; break;

        case 'c':					/* Character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int));
            continue;

        case 's':					/* String */
            tp = va_arg(arp, TCHAR*);	/* Get a pointer argument */
            if (!tp) {
                tp = &nul;    /* Null ptr generates a null string */
            }
            for (j = 0; tp[j]; j++) ;	/* j = tcslen(tp) */
            if (prec >= 0 && j > (UINT)prec) {
                j = prec;    /* Limited length of string body */
            }
            for (; !(f & 2) && j < w; j++) {
                putc_bfd(&pb, pad);    /* Left pads */
            }
            while (*tp && prec--) {
                putc_bfd(&pb, *tp++);    /* Body */
            }
            while (j++ < w) {
                putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');    /* Right pads */
            }
            continue;
#if FF_PRINT_FLOAT && FF_INTDEF == 2
        case 'f':					/* Floating point (decimal) */
        case 'e':					/* Floating point (e) */
        case 'E':					/* Floating point (E) */
            ftoa(str, va_arg(arp, double), prec, tc);	/* Make a floating point string */
            for (j = strlen(str); !(f & 2) && j < w; j++) {
                putc_bfd(&pb, pad);    /* Left pads */
            }
            for (i = 0; str[i]; putc_bfd(&pb, str[i++])) ;	/* Body */
            while (j++ < w) {
                putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');    /* Right pads */
            }
            continue;
#endif
        default:					/* Unknown type (pass-through) */
            putc_bfd(&pb, tc); continue;
        }

        /* Get an integer argument and put it in numeral */
#if FF_PRINT_LLI && FF_INTDEF == 2
        if (f & 8) {		/* long long argument? */
            v = (QWORD)va_arg(arp, long long);
        } else if (f & 4) {	/* long argument? */
            v = (tc == 'd') ? (QWORD)(long long)va_arg(arp, long) : (QWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned long);
        } else {			/* int/short/char argument */
            v = (tc == 'd') ? (QWORD)(long long)va_arg(arp, int) : (QWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int);
        }
        if (tc == 'd' && (v & 0x8000000000000000)) {	/* Negative value? */
            v = 0 - v; f |= 1;
        }
#else
        if (f & 4) {	/* long argument? */
            v = (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long);
        } else {		/* int/short/char argument */
            v = (tc == 'd') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int);
        }
        if (tc == 'd' && (v & 0x80000000)) {	/* Negative value? */
            v = 0 - v; f |= 1;
        }
#endif
        i = 0;
        do {	/* Make an integer number string */
            d = (char)(v % r); v /= r;
            if (d > 9) {
                d += (tc == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
            }
            str[i++] = d + '0';
        } while (v && i < SZ_NUM_BUF);
        if (f & 1) {
            str[i++] = '-';    /* Sign */
        }
        /* Write it */
        for (j = i; !(f & 2) && j < w; j++) {	/* Left pads */
            putc_bfd(&pb, pad);
        }
        do {				/* Body */
            putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)str[--i]);
        } while (i);
        while (j++ < w) {	/* Right pads */
            putc_bfd(&pb, ' ');
        }
    }

    va_end(arp);

    return putc_flush(&pb);
}

#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_STRFUNC */



#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Active Codepage for the Path Name                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

FRESULT f_setcp(
    WORD cp		/* Value to be set as active code page */
) {
    static const WORD       validcp[22] = {  437,   720,   737,   771,   775,   850,   852,   855,   857,   860,   861,   862,   863,   864,   865,   866,   869,   932,   936,   949,   950, 0};
    static const BYTE *const tables[22] = {Ct437, Ct720, Ct737, Ct771, Ct775, Ct850, Ct852, Ct855, Ct857, Ct860, Ct861, Ct862, Ct863, Ct864, Ct865, Ct866, Ct869, Dc932, Dc936, Dc949, Dc950, 0};
    UINT i;


    for (i = 0; validcp[i] != 0 && validcp[i] != cp; i++) ;	/* Find the code page */
    if (validcp[i] != cp) {
        return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;    /* Not found? */
    }

    CodePage = cp;
    if (cp >= 900) {	/* DBCS */
        ExCvt = 0;
        DbcTbl = tables[i];
    } else {			/* SBCS */
        ExCvt = tables[i];
        DbcTbl = 0;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}
#endif	/* FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 */

};
